{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:26:39Z","timestamp":1772839599187,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":224,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006356","name":"Syddansk Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006356","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Robot. AI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid loss of biodiversity worldwide is unprecedented, with more species facing extinction now than at any other time in human history. Key factors contributing to this decline include habitat destruction, overexploitation, and climate change. There is an urgent need for innovative and effective conservation practices that leverage advanced technologies, such as autonomous drones, to monitor wildlife, manage human-wildlife conflicts, and protect endangered species. While drones have shown promise in conservation efforts, significant technological challenges remain, particularly in developing reliable, cost-effective solutions capable of operating in remote, unstructured, and open-ended environments. This paper explores the technological advancements necessary for deploying autonomous drones in nature conservation and presents the interdisciplinary scientific methodology of the WildDrone doctoral network as a basis for integrating research in drones, computer vision, and machine learning for ecological monitoring. We report preliminary results demonstrating the potential of these technologies to enhance biodiversity conservation efforts. Based on our preliminary findings, we expect that drones and computer vision will develop to further automate time consuming observational tasks in nature conservation, thus allowing human workers to ground conservation actions on evidence based on large and frequent data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2025.1695319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:40:09Z","timestamp":1768196409000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["WildDrone: autonomous drone technology for monitoring wildlife populations"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ulrik Pagh Schultz","family":"Lundquist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SDU UAS, M\u00e6rsk Mc-Kinney M\u00f8ller Institute, University of Southern Denmark","place":["Odense, Denmark"]}]},{"given":"Saadia","family":"Afridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SDU UAS, M\u00e6rsk Mc-Kinney M\u00f8ller Institute, University of Southern Denmark","place":["Odense, Denmark"]},{"name":"Avy","place":["Amsterdam, Netherlands"]}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Berthelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Konstanz","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]}]},{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Ngoc Dat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Bristol","place":["Bristol, United Kingdom"]}]},{"given":"Kasper","family":"Hlebowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University and Research","place":["Wageningen, Netherlands"]}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Iannino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Konstanz","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior","place":["Konstanz, Germany"]}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Laporte-Devylder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark","place":["Odense, Denmark"]}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Maalouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SDU UAS, M\u00e6rsk Mc-Kinney M\u00f8ller Institute, University of Southern Denmark","place":["Odense, Denmark"]}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Computational Science and Earth Observation Laboratory, Environmental Engineering Institute, \u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL)","place":["Sion, Switzerland"]}]},{"given":"Kilian","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil, Aerospace and Design Engineering, University of Bristol","place":["Bristol, United Kingdom"]}]},{"given":"Constanza A.","family":"Molina Catricheo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Geoinformatics and Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of M\u00fcnster","place":["M\u00fcnster, Germany"]}]},{"given":"Edouard G. 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