{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:56:48Z","timestamp":1775473008862,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WHO registration 2015\/591370"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WHO registration 2015\/591370"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04750\/2020 UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020 SFRH\/BD\/118630\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04750\/2020 UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020 SFRH\/BD\/118630\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ssph-journal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To describe the availability and nutritional composition of commonly available street foods in Almaty, Kazakhstan.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> 384 street food vending sites (in 10 public markets) were assessed; information on vending sites\u2019 characteristics and food availability and samples of the most commonly available street foods (81 homemade; 40 industrial) were collected for chemical analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Fruit, beverages and food other than fruit were available in 1.0%, 47.4% and 92.7% of all vending sites. Homemade food other than fruit (e.g., bread, main dishes, snacks, pastries, sandwiches, and cakes) were available in 63.4% of stationary vending sites, while industrial (e.g., snacks, chocolate, cakes, and cookies) in 45.6% of them. Industrial foods were the most energy-dense [median kcal\/100\u00a0g: 438.8 vs. 267.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001 (homemade)]. Traditional homemade dishes were high in sodium, reaching 2,248\u00a0mg\/serving (<jats:italic>lagman<\/jats:italic>) and major contributors of protein and fat to energy content (<jats:italic>shashlik<\/jats:italic>: 22.8% from protein, 68.3% from fat). Industrial chocolate and homemade cake presented the highest saturated (14.6\u00a0g\/serving) and <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>-fat (3.20\u00a0g\/serving) contents.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> These findings advocate for the implementation of health promotion strategies targeted at vendors, consumers and other stakeholders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2022.1604558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T04:11:36Z","timestamp":1650859896000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Availability and Nutritional Composition of Street Food in Urban Central Asia: Findings From Almaty, Kazakhstan"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Lan\u00e7a de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Gelormini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Casal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ol\u00edvia","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Albertino","family":"Damasceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Breda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Lunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Padr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Selling Street and Snack Foods","author":"Fellows","year":"2012"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980013001158","article-title":"Nutritional Contribution of Street Foods to the Diet of People in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Steyn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"Street Foods in Developing Countries: The Potential for Micronutrient Fortification","author":"Draper","year":"1996"},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Street Foods","author":"Simopoulos","year":"2000"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2012.02852.x","article-title":"Genetics of Food Preferences: a First View from Silk Road Populations","volume":"77","author":"Pirastu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Food Sci"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Europe and Central Asia: Regional Overview of Food Insecurity 2016. 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