{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:36:31Z","timestamp":1753893391425,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ssph-journal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> Portugal liberalised the over-the-counter drugs market in 2005 and provides universal healthcare coverage in a mainly Beveridge-type health system. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced healthcare to change how services were delivered, especially increasing remote consultations in primary care. This analysis aims to find the drivers for taking non-prescribed drugs during the pandemic in Portugal. Specifically, it seeks to understand the role of taking prescribed drugs and attending remote medical appointments in the self-medication decision.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> In this observational study, we used data collected during the pandemic in Centre Region of Portugal and estimated logistic regression for the whole sample and stratified by sex.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The main findings show that people taking prescribed medications and attending a remote consultation are more likely to take non-prescribed drugs. Also, reporting unmet healthcare needs seems to motivate people to choose self-medication.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Policy implications are pointed out concerning the health risks raised from self-medication, the role of the pharmacist advising non-prescribed drugs, and the related health risks arising from unmet healthcare needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2023.1606021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T04:12:22Z","timestamp":1689826342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Consumption of Non-Prescribed Drugs in Portugal During the Pandemic in 2021"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Aida Isabel","family":"Tavares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro Lopes","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vitor","family":"Raposo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlota","family":"Quintal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9020123","article-title":"Access to Medicines via Non-pharmacy Outlets in European Countries\u2014A Review of Regulations and the Influence on the Self-Medication Phenomenon","volume":"9","author":"Oleszkiewicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"volume-title":"Guidelines for the Regulatory Assessment of Medicinal Products for Use in Self-Medication","year":"2000","key":"B2"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.18203\/2319-2003.ijbcp20184864","article-title":"A Study on Knowledge and Practices of over-the- Counter Medications Among 2nd Year Medical Students","volume":"4","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"WJPPS"},{"article-title":"Medicamentos N\u00e3o Sujeitos a Receita M\u00e9dica Jan-Dez.2020","volume-title":"Report on Drugs sells Outsider Pharmacies. 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