{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T05:58:27Z","timestamp":1776232707058,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/GES-OUT\/1662\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/GES-OUT\/1662\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEECIND\/02386\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/02386\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UI\/BD\/150782\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/150782\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ssph-journal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Living in socioeconomically deprived areas has been linked to poorer health outcomes, with older adults potentially more vulnerable due to cumulative environmental exposure. This study examined the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation and cognitive decline among older adults in Porto, Portugal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from 486 participants aged \u226550 years in the EPIPorto cohort, each with at least two cognitive assessments between 2005 and 2018. Neighbourhood deprivation was measured using the Portuguese European Deprivation Index; cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination. Missing data were addressed using multivariate imputation (mice package), and associations were estimated via linear mixed-effects models (lme4 package).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average cognitive decline was \u22120.60 points between assessments (95% CI: \u22120.82 to \u22120.37). In unadjusted models, higher neighbourhood deprivation was associated with faster decline (\u03b2 = \u22120.18; 95% CI: \u22120.29 to \u22120.06), but this was not significant after adjustment (\u03b2 = 0.00; 95% CI: \u22120.11\u20130.12). Greater decline was significantly associated with older age, female sex, and lower education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings highlight the role of individual sociodemographic factors but indicate no significant association with neighbourhood deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2026.1608945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T05:10:12Z","timestamp":1776229812000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Older Adults\u2019 Cognitive Decline in Porto, Portugal: A 13-Year (2005\u20132018) Longitudinal Analysis Using the Population-Based EPIPorto Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Jardim","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas","place":["Porto, Portugal"]},{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia do Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto","place":["Porto, Portugal"]},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto","place":["Porto, Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina da Comunidade, Informa\u00e7\u00e3o e Decis\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto","place":["Porto, Portugal"]},{"name":"Centro de Matem\u00e1tica da Universidade do Minho","place":["Braga, Portugal"]}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit ITR, Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas","place":["Porto, Portugal"]},{"name":"Department of Geography, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT)","place":["Porto, Portugal"]}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e447","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00036-6","article-title":"Association of Neighbourhood Disadvantage and Individual Socioeconomic Position with All-Cause Mortality: A Longitudinal Multicohort Analysis","volume":"7","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8790","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45432-4","article-title":"Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Allostatic Load: A Multi-Cohort Study","volume":"9","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific 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