{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:13:22Z","timestamp":1760242402192,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Computerized cross-language plagiarism detection has recently become essential. With the scarcity of scientific publications in Bahasa Indonesia, many Indonesian authors frequently consult publications in English in order to boost the quantity of scientific publications in Bahasa Indonesia (which is currently rising). Due to the syntax disparity between Bahasa Indonesia and English, most of the existing methods for automated cross-language plagiarism detection do not provide satisfactory results. This paper analyses the probability of developing Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) for a computerized cross-language plagiarism detector for two languages with different syntax. To improve performance, various alterations in LSA are suggested. By using a linear vector quantization (LVQ) classifier in the LSA and taking into account the Frobenius norm, output has reached up to 65.98% in accuracy. The results of the experiments showed that the best accuracy achieved is 87% with a document size of 6 words, and the document definition size must be kept below 10 words in order to maintain high accuracy. Additionally, based on experimental results, this paper suggests utilizing the frequency occurrence method as opposed to the binary method for the term\u2013document matrix construction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a10020069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,14]],"date-time":"2017-06-14T03:19:32Z","timestamp":1497410372000},"page":"69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cross-Language Plagiarism Detection System Using Latent Semantic Analysis and Learning Vector Quantization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anak Agung Putri","family":"Ratna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prima Dewi","family":"Purnamasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boma Anantasatya","family":"Adhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. Astha","family":"Ekadiyanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Salman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mardiyah","family":"Mardiyah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darien Jonathan","family":"Winata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Enginering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gipp, B., and Meuschke, N. (2011, January 19\u201322). Citation Pattern Matching Algorithms for Citation-Based Plagiarism Detection: Greedy Citation Tiling, Citation Chunking and Longest Common Citation Sequence. Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Document Engineering, Mountain View, CA, USA.","key":"ref_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2034691.2034741"},{"unstructured":"Lancaster, T. (2003). Effective and Efficient Plagiarism Detection. [Ph.D. Thesis, South Bank University].","key":"ref_2"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2190\/EC.42.2.a","article-title":"Hermetic and Web Plagiarism Detection Systems for Student Essays\u2014An Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art","volume":"42","author":"Kakkonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Educ. Comput."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Plagiarism-A Survey","volume":"12","author":"Maurer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Univers. Comput. 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Advanced Data Mining Techniques, Springer.","key":"ref_8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-74759-0_108"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/01638539809545028","article-title":"An Introduction to Latent Semantic Analysis","volume":"25","author":"Landauer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Discourse Processes"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.1440380105","article-title":"Latent Semantic Analysis","volume":"38","author":"Dumais","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"359","article-title":"Using Intelligent Feedback to Improve Sourcing and Integration in Students\u2019 Essays","volume":"14","author":"Britt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ."},{"unstructured":"Seaward, L., and Matwin, S. (2009, January 8\u201310). Intrinsic Plagiarism Detection Using Complexity Analysis. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Spanish Society for Natural Language Processing, SEPLN 2009, San Sebastian, Spain.","key":"ref_12"},{"unstructured":"Zechner, M., Muhr, R., Kern, M., and Granitzer, M. (2009, January 8\u201310). External and Intrinsic Plagiarism Detection Using Vector Space Models. Proceedings of the 3rd PAN Workshop. Uncoveringplagiarism, Authorship And Social Software Misuse, San Sebastian, Spain.","key":"ref_13"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsallal, M., Iqbal, R., Amin, S., and James, A. (2013, January 16\u201318). Intrinsic Plagiarism Detection Using Latent Semantic Indexing and Stylometry. Proceedings of the 2013 Sixth International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE), Abu Dhabi, UA.","key":"ref_14","DOI":"10.1109\/DeSE.2013.34"},{"unstructured":"Asuncion, G.-P., and Jerome, E. (2005). The Semantic Web: Research and Application, Springer.","key":"ref_15"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lappin, S., and Fox, C. (2015). The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory, John Wiley & Sons.","key":"ref_16","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118882139"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1109\/5.58325","article-title":"The Self-Organizing Map","volume":"78","author":"Kohonen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soleman, S., and Purwarianti, A. (2014, January 28\u201330). Experiments on the Indonesian plagiarism detection using latent semantic analysis. Proceedings of 2014 2nd International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), Bandung, Indonesia.","key":"ref_18","DOI":"10.1109\/ICoICT.2014.6914098"}],"container-title":["Algorithms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4893\/10\/2\/69\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:38:54Z","timestamp":1760207934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4893\/10\/2\/69"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["a10020069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/a10020069","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4893"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1999-4893"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]}}}