{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T02:29:39Z","timestamp":1773973779096,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The article presents a numerical model of sea wave generation as an implementation of the stochastic process with a spectrum of wave angular velocity. Based on the wave spectrum, a forming filter is determined, and its input is fed with white noise. The resulting signal added to the angular speed of a ship represents disturbances acting on the ship\u2019s hull as a result of wave impact. The model was used for simulation tests of the influence of disturbances on the course stabilization system of the ship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a11090130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T10:57:52Z","timestamp":1535713072000},"page":"130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Numerical Modeling of Wave Disturbances in the Process of Ship Movement Control"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Borkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science at the Faculty of Navigation, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wa\u0142y Chrobrego 1, Szczecin 70500, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2151\/jmsj1965.51.1_11","article-title":"Wave disturbances over the China continent and the Eastern China Sea in February 1968","volume":"51","author":"Nitta","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2018.04.014","article-title":"Numerical modelling of waves and surge from Cyclone Chapala (2015) in the Arabian Sea","volume":"158","author":"Sarker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Fossen, T.I. (1993, January 25\u201329). High performance ship autopilot with wave filter. Proceedings of the 10th International Ship Control Systems Symposium, Ottawa, ON, Canada."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Holzhuter, T. (1992, January 8\u201310). On the robustness of course keeping autopilots. Proceedings of the IFAC Workshop on Control Applications n Marine Systems, Hamburg, Italy."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Holzhuter, T., and Strauch, H. (1987, January 27\u201331). A commercial adaptive autopilot for ships: Design and experimental experience. 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