{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:02:45Z","timestamp":1788480165308,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a robust and precise tension control method for a roll-to-roll (R2R) system. In R2R processing, robust and precise tension control is very important because improper web tension control leads to deterioration in the quality of web material. However, tension control is not easy because the R2R system has a model variation in which the inertia of the web in roll form is changed and external disturbances caused by web slip and crumpled web. Therefore, a disturbance observer (DOB) was proposed to achieve robustness against model variations and external disturbances. DOB is a robust control method widely used in various fields because of its simple structure and excellent performance. Moreover, the web passes through various process steps to achieve the finished product in the R2R process. Particularly, it is important to track the tension when magnitude of the tension varies during process. Feedforward (FF) controller was applied to minimize the tracking error in the transient section where tension changes. Moreover, the signal processing of a sensor using the Kalman filter (KF) in the R2R system greatly improved control performance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is discussed using experimental results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a12040086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T03:02:59Z","timestamp":1556161379000},"page":"86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Kalman-Filter-Based Tension Control Design for Industrial Roll-to-Roll System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hyeongjin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jehwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangjune","family":"Eum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanghyun","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.23192","article-title":"Roll-to-roll fabrication of large area functional organic materials","volume":"51","author":"Krebs","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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