{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:39:27Z","timestamp":1760240367910,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0123_IOTEC_3_E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0123_IOTEC_3_E"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Internet is becoming a major source of radicalization. The propaganda efforts of new extremist groups include creating new propaganda videos from fragments of old terrorist attack videos. This article presents a web-scraping method for retrieving relevant videos and a pHash-based algorithm which identifies the original content of a video. Automatic novelty verification is now possible, which can potentially reduce and improve journalist research work, as well as reduce the spreading of fake news. The obtained results have been satisfactory as all original sources of new videos have been identified correctly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a12050110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T11:20:46Z","timestamp":1558696846000},"page":"110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Counter-Terrorism Video Analysis Using Hash-Based Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2351-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Retuerta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, Calle Espejo 2, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5124-8837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Bartolom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, Calle Espejo 2, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5109-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Chamoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, Calle Espejo 2, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2829-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Corchado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BISITE Digital Innovation Hub, University of Salamanca, Edificio Multiusos I+D+i, Calle Espejo 2, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Electronics, Information and Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka 535-8585, Japan"},{"name":"Pusat Komputeran dan Informatik, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Karung Berkunci 36, Pengkaan Chepa, Kota Bharu 16100, Kelantan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Koehler, D. (2014). The radical online: Individual radicalization processes and the role of the Internet. J. Der., 116\u2013134."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"Radicalisation, de-radicalisation, counter-radicalisation: A conceptual discussion and literature review","volume":"97","author":"Schmid","year":"2013","journal-title":"ICCT Res. Pap."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Ki-moon, B. (2012). The Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes, United Nations."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-S\u00e1nchez, D., Corchado, J.M., and Arrieta, A.G. (2018, January 9\u201312). Dynamic Detection of Radical Profiles in Social Networks Using Image Feature Descriptors and a Case-Based Reasoning Methodology. Proceedings of the International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, Stockholm, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01081-2_15"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-S\u00e1ncez, D., Revuelta, J., de la Prieta, F., and Corchado, J.M. (2018, January 18\u201320). Towards the Automatic Identification and Monitoring of Radicalization Activities in Twitter. Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Management in Organizations, Seville, Spain.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95204-8_49"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000017","article-title":"Web crawling","volume":"4","author":"Olston","year":"2010","journal-title":"Found. Trends Inf. Retr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1086\/230869","article-title":"Movements, countermovements, and the structure of political opportunity","volume":"101","author":"Meyer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Soc."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Reuters (2019, May 24). Facebook and YouTube Use Automation to Remove Extremist Videos, Sources Say. Available online: https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2016\/jun\/25\/extremist-videos-isis-youtube-facebook-automated-removal."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chamoso, P., Rivas, A., S\u00e1nchez-Torres, R., and Rodr\u00edguez, S. (2018). Social computing for image matching. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197576"},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Rosebrock, A. (2019, January 03). Fingerprinting Images for Near-Duplicate Detection. Available online: https:\/\/bit.ly\/2AvDwjo."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chamoso, P., Rivas, A., Mart\u00edn-Limorti, J.J., and Rodr\u00edguez, S. (2017, January 21\u201323). A hash based image matching algorithm for social networks. Proceedings of the International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, Porto, Portugal.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-61578-3_18"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1177\/016555150102700503","article-title":"A web crawler design for data mining","volume":"27","author":"Thelwall","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Inf. 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