{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:21:51Z","timestamp":1780446111322,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]],"date-time":"2020-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This manuscript will explore and analyze the effects of different paradigms for the control of rigid body motion mechanics. The experimental setup will include deterministic artificial intelligence composed of optimal self-awareness statements together with a novel, optimal learning algorithm, and these will be re-parameterized as ideal nonlinear feedforward and feedback evaluated within a Simulink simulation. Comparison is made to a custom proportional, derivative, integral controller (modified versions of classical proportional-integral-derivative control) implemented as a feedback control with a specific term to account for the nonlinear coupled motion. Consistent proportional, derivative, and integral gains were used throughout the duration of the experiments. The simulation results will show that akin feedforward control, deterministic self-awareness statements lack an error correction mechanism, relying on learning (which stands in place of feedback control), and the proposed combination of optimal self-awareness statements and a newly demonstrated analytically optimal learning yielded the highest accuracy with the lowest execution time. This highlights the potential effectiveness of a learning control system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a13010023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1578888351000},"page":"23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Optimal Learning and Self-Awareness Versus PDI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Brendon","family":"Smeresky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4681-7919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy","family":"Sands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering (CVN), Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smeresky, B., Rizzo, A., and Sands, T. 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