{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T11:46:25Z","timestamp":1767008785953,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The location routing problem integrates both a facility location and a vehicle routing problem. Each of these problems are NP-hard in nature, which justifies the use of heuristic-based algorithms when dealing with large-scale instances that need to be solved in reasonable computing times. This paper discusses a realistic variant of the problem that considers facilities of different sizes and two types of uncertainty conditions. In particular, we assume that some customers\u2019 demands are stochastic, while others follow a fuzzy pattern. An iterated local search metaheuristic is integrated with simulation and fuzzy logic to solve the aforementioned problem, and a series of computational experiments are run to illustrate the potential of the proposed algorithm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a14020045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T06:22:20Z","timestamp":1611987740000},"page":"45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Combining Heuristics with Simulation and Fuzzy Logic to Solve a Flexible-Size Location Routing Problem under Uncertainty"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3028-1686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael D.","family":"Tordecilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IN3\u2013Computer Science Department, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"School of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250001, Colombia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4219-5056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro J.","family":"Copado-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN3\u2013Computer Science Department, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Data Analytics &amp; Business Intelligence, Euncet Business School, 08221 Terrassa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3793-3328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Panadero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN3\u2013Computer Science Department, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Data Analytics &amp; Business Intelligence, Euncet Business School, 08221 Terrassa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8563-4456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos L.","family":"Quintero-Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International School of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250001, Colombia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6251-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jairo R.","family":"Montoya-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250001, Colombia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1392-1776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angel A.","family":"Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IN3\u2013Computer Science Department, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Data Analytics &amp; Business Intelligence, Euncet Business School, 08221 Terrassa, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(89)90188-4","article-title":"The effect of ignoring routes when locating depots","volume":"39","author":"Salhi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. 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