{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T09:51:46Z","timestamp":1762077106878,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cooperative game theory provides an appropriate framework to assess the likelihood of conflict resolution, encourage cooperation among parties, and determine each party\u2019s share in resource sharing conflicts. In calculating the fair and efficient allocation of the incremental benefits of cooperation, cooperative game theory methods often do not consider the exogenous bargaining powers of the players based on factors, that are external to the game, such as their political, economic, and military powers. This study reformulates three well-known cooperative game theory methods, namely, Nash-Harsanyi, Shapley, and Nucleolus, to account for the exogenous bargaining powers of the players in cooperative games. Using the Caspian Sea international conflict as an example, this paper shows how the negotiators\u2019 exogenous bargaining power can change the outcome of resource sharing games. The proposed weighted cooperative game theory approach can help determine practical resolutions for real-world conflicts in which the exogenous powers of players can have a significant influence on the outcome of negotiations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a15120445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T04:56:25Z","timestamp":1669611385000},"page":"445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bargaining Power in Cooperative Resource Allocations Games"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0378-3170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaveh","family":"Madani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources, United Nations University (UNUFLORES), 01067 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Remote Sensing of Earth Science and Technology (CUNY CREST) Institute, City College of New York, New York City, NY 10031, USA"}]},{"given":"Faraz","family":"Farhidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Efficiency\/Conservation Division, NV Energy, Carson City, NV 89136, USA"},{"name":"Department of Economics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA"}]},{"given":"Sona","family":"Gholizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-011-9783-4","article-title":"Non-Cooperative Stability Definitions for Strategic Analysis of Generic Water Resources Conflicts","volume":"25","author":"Madani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Resour. 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