{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:31:46Z","timestamp":1767652306254,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Occupational therapy (OT) is a client-centered health profession focused on enhancing individuals\u2019 ability to perform meaningful activities and daily tasks, particularly for those recovering from injury, illness, or disability. As a core component of rehabilitation, it promotes independence, well-being, and quality of life through personalized, goal-oriented interventions. Identifying and measuring the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the human\u2013computer interaction (HCI) within OT is critical for improving therapeutic outcomes and patient engagement. Despite AI\u2019s growing significance, the integration of AI-driven HCI in OT remains relatively underexplored in the existing literature. This scoping review identifies and maps current research on the topic, highlighting applications and proposing directions for future work. A structured literature search was conducted using the Scopus and PubMed databases. Articles were included if their primary focus was on the intersection of AI, HCI, and OT. Out of 55 retrieved articles, 26 met the inclusion criteria. This work highlights three key findings: (i) machine learning, robotics, and virtual reality are emerging as prominent AI-driven HCI techniques in OT; (ii) the integration of AI-enhanced HCI offers significant opportunities for developing personalized therapeutic interventions; (iii) further research is essential to evaluate the long-term efficacy, ethical implications, and patient outcomes associated with AI-driven HCI in OT. These insights aim to guide future research efforts and clinical applications within this evolving interdisciplinary field. In conclusion, AI-driven HCI holds considerable promise for advancing OT practice, yet further research is needed to fully realize its clinical potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a18050276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T04:06:21Z","timestamp":1746677181000},"page":"276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Artificial Intelligence and the Human\u2013Computer Interaction in Occupational Therapy: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2064-6442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kansizoglou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Robotics and Automation, Department of Production and Management Engineering, School of Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-3117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Kokkotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7542-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodoros","family":"Stampoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"given":"Erasmia","family":"Giannakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8987-4331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Siaperas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Therapy Department, Metropolitan College of Athens, 10672 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Kallidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Koutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Malliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Michalopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5421-0332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonios","family":"Gasteratos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Robotics and Automation, Department of Production and Management Engineering, School of Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1177\/03080226241239564","article-title":"The role of Occupational Therapy in community development to combat social isolation and loneliness","volume":"87","author":"Cowen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. 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