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It examines the short-time Fourier transform (STFT), wavelet transform (WT), and Wigner\u2013Ville distribution (WVD), highlighting their applications, advantages, and limitations in SHM. The review also explores adaptive techniques like empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and its variants (EEMD, MEEMD), as well as variational mode decomposition (VMD) and its improved versions (SVMD, AVMD), emphasizing their effectiveness in handling nonlinear and non-stationary signals. Additionally, deconvolution methods such as minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) and maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) are discussed for mechanical fault diagnosis. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these techniques, offering insights for future research into SHM signal processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a18060318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T09:29:36Z","timestamp":1748338176000},"page":"318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A Review of Key Signal Processing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring: Highlighting Non-Parametric Time-Frequency Analysis, Adaptive Decomposition, and Deconvolution"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yixin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4784-2283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zepeng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9907-3212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-014-9135-7","article-title":"Signal Processing Techniques for Vibration-Based Health Monitoring of Smart Structures","volume":"23","author":"Adeli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. 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