{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:22:12Z","timestamp":1760059332942,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Henan Province Key R&amp;D and Promotion Special Project (Soft Science)","award":["252400410396","62472144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252400410396","62472144"]}]},{"name":"Research on Privacy-Preserving Techniques for Blockchain Based on Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proof from Lattice","award":["252400410396","62472144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252400410396","62472144"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To address the challenges in forecasting crude oil and hot-rolled coil futures prices, the aim is to transcend the constraints of conventional approaches. This involves effectively predicting short-term price fluctuations, developing quantitative trading strategies, and modeling time series data. The goal is to enhance prediction accuracy and stability, thereby supporting decision-making and risk management in financial markets. A novel approach, the multi-dimensional fusion feature-enhanced (MDFFE) prediction method has been devised. Additionally, a data augmentation framework leveraging multi-dimensional feature engineering has been established. The technical indicators, volatility indicators, time features, and cross-variety linkage features are integrated to build a prediction system, and the lag feature design is used to prevent data leakage. In addition, a deep fusion model is constructed, which combines the temporal feature extraction ability of the convolution neural network with the nonlinear mapping advantage of an extreme gradient boosting tree. With the help of a three-layer convolution neural network structure and adaptive weight fusion strategy, an end-to-end prediction framework is constructed. Experimental results demonstrate that the MDFFE model excels in various metrics, including mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error, coefficient of determination, and sum of squared errors. The mean absolute error reaches as low as 0.0068, while the coefficient of determination can be as high as 0.9970. In addition, the significance and stability of the model performance were verified by statistical methods such as a paired t-test and ANOVA analysis of variance. This MDFFE algorithm offers a robust and practical approach for predicting commodity futures prices. It holds significant theoretical and practical value in financial market forecasting, enhancing prediction accuracy and mitigating forecast volatility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a18060357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T03:44:58Z","timestamp":1749613498000},"page":"357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Crude Oil and Hot-Rolled Coil Futures Price Prediction Based on Multi-Dimensional Fusion Feature Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2783-7065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongli","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenlun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Artificial Intelligence Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Ningbo 315000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2114-3025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongqi","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5079-7906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinxia","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technolgoy, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6457-5853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panke","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2024.108393","article-title":"Shared responsibility for carbon emission reduction in worldwide \u201csteel-electric vehicle\u201d trade within a sustainable industrial chain perspective","volume":"227","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecol. 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