{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:49:08Z","timestamp":1781534948295,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002886","name":"China National Petroleum Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023DJ8205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023DJ8205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002886","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2023DJ8205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023DJ8205"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05269d038","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oil enterprises face the challenge of reconciling escalating energy conservation targets with persistent production requirements, necessitating sophisticated electricity management solutions. The conventional ton-per-kWh allocation approach, often manually adjusted based on historical production and planning data, lacks a scientific basis and fails to accurately identify efficiency differences or assess energy-saving potential, making it difficult to convince participating units. To address this, we propose a dynamic spatiotemporal allocation scheme and develop a multi-objective optimization model that integrates electricity efficiency, operational stability, and production priority. The model incorporates nonlinear efficiency terms, stability components, and priority-weighted items, with constraints including total balance, monthly adjustment limits, and key area protection. Central to the efficiency term is the accurate prediction of liquid production from electricity consumption. We decompose electricity use into three components\u2014core production electricity, auxiliary production electricity, and product transportation electricity\u2014and derive their proportional coefficients through regression of historical data, enabling high-precision liquid production prediction via machine learning using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM). The resulting constrained optimization problem is solved using the Sequential Least Squares Programming (SLSQP) algorithm. Validation using both simulated data and Daqing Oilfield field data demonstrates that the scheme effectively achieves electricity reduction targets while significantly mitigating associated liquid production loss, reducing it by 18.0% in simulated experiments and 32.5% in field validation compared to the conventional ton-per-kWh method. This offers a scientific and adaptive electricity management framework that supports refined energy control and facilitates the petroleum industry\u2019s green and low-carbon transformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a19050401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1779107800000},"page":"401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatiotemporal Optimization of Oilfield Electricity Consumption: A Multi-Objective Modeling Approach with Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Wenrong","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunlun Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunlun Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunlun Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunlun Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100043, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aliyun School of Big Data, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213159, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7174-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aliyun School of Big Data, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213159, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Energy Agency (IEA) (2023). 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