{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:32:04Z","timestamp":1780471924585,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The author surveys algorithms used in star identification, commonly used in star trackers to determine the attitude of a spacecraft. Star trackers are a staple of attitude determination systems for most types of satellites. The paper covers: (a) lost-in-space algorithms (when no a priori attitude information is available), (b) recursive algorithms (when some a priori attitude information is available), and (c) non-dimensional algorithms (when the star tracker calibration is not well-known). The performance of selected algorithms and supporting algorithms are compared.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a2010093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T11:38:20Z","timestamp":1233229100000},"page":"93-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["A Survey on Star Identification Algorithms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"suffix":"IV","given":"Benjamin B.","family":"Spratling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3141 TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0787-4547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Mortari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843-3141 TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Gottlieb, D. 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