{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:47:57Z","timestamp":1775069277251,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,4]],"date-time":"2009-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1236124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Applications of genetic algorithms to the global geometry optimization problem of nanoparticles are reviewed. Genetic operations are investigated and importance of phenotype genetic operations, considering the geometry of nanoparticles, are mentioned. Other efficiency improving developments such as floating point representation and local relaxation are described broadly. Parallelization issues are also considered and a recent parallel working single parent Lamarckian genetic algorithm is reviewed with applications on carbon clusters and SiGe core-shell structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a2010410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,4]],"date-time":"2009-03-04T12:14:06Z","timestamp":1236168846000},"page":"410-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genetic Algorithms in Application to the Geometry Optimization of Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Naz\u0131m","family":"Dugan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Middle East Technical University, Department of Physics, Ankara, Turkey"}]},{"given":"\u015eakir","family":"Erko\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Middle East Technical University, Department of Physics, Ankara, Turkey"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nodecal, J., and Wright, S.J. 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