{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T17:01:19Z","timestamp":1773162079159,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]],"date-time":"2009-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1247097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calls from 14 species of bat were classified to genus and species using discriminant function analysis (DFA), support vector machines (SVM) and ensembles of neural networks (ENN). Both SVMs and ENNs outperformed DFA for every species while ENNs (mean identification rate \u2013 97%) consistently outperformed SVMs (mean identification rate \u2013 87%). Correct classification rates produced by the ENNs varied from 91% to 100%; calls from six species were correctly identified with 100% accuracy. Calls from the five species of Myotis, a genus whose species are considered difficult to distinguish acoustically, had correct identification rates that varied from 91 \u2013 100%. Five parameters were most important for classifying calls correctly while seven others contributed little to classification performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a2030907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]],"date-time":"2009-07-09T12:38:32Z","timestamp":1247143112000},"page":"907-924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Classification of Echolocation Calls from 14 Species of Bat by Support Vector Machines and Ensembles of Neural Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Robert  D.","family":"Redgwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand"}]},{"given":"Joseph  M.","family":"Szewczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst St., Arcata, California 95521, USA"}]},{"given":"Gareth","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2699.2007.01762.x","article-title":"Divergent echolocation call frequencies in insular rhinolophids (Chiroptera): a case of character displacement?","volume":"34","author":"Russo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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