{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:26:36Z","timestamp":1760243196229,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,11]],"date-time":"2014-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emergency transportation plays a vital role in the success of disaster rescue and relief operations, but its planning and scheduling often involve complex objectives and search spaces. In this paper, we conduct a survey of recent advances in bio-inspired meta-heuristics, including genetic algorithms (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), ant colony optimization (ACO), etc., for solving emergency transportation problems. We then propose a new hybrid biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm, which outperforms some state-of-the-art heuristics on a typical transportation planning problem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a7010015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,11]],"date-time":"2014-02-11T11:10:42Z","timestamp":1392117042000},"page":"15-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Bio-Inspired Meta-Heuristics for Emergency Transportation Problems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Min-Xia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 288 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou 310023, China"},{"name":"College of Computer Science & Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 288 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 288 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 288 Liuhe Road, Hangzhou 310023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1002\/sapm1941201224","article-title":"The distribution of a product from several sources to numerous localities","volume":"20","author":"Hitchcock","year":"1941","journal-title":"J. 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