{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:20:24Z","timestamp":1760242824491,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Algorithms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the increasing rise of professionalism in sport, athletes, teams, and coaches are looking to technology to monitor performance in both games and training in order to find a competitive advantage. The use of inertial sensors has been proposed as a cost effective and adaptable measurement device for monitoring wheelchair kinematics; however, the outcomes are dependent on the reliability of the processing algorithms. Though there are a variety of algorithms that have been proposed to monitor wheelchair propulsion in court sports, they all have limitations. Through experimental testing, we have shown the Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS)-based algorithm to be a suitable and reliable candidate algorithm for estimating velocity, distance, and approximating trajectory. The proposed algorithm is computationally inexpensive, agnostic of wheel camber, not sensitive to sensor placement, and can be embedded for real-time implementations. The research is conducted under Griffith University Ethics (GU Ref No: 2016\/294).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/a9030055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T10:23:21Z","timestamp":1471429401000},"page":"55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Novel AHRS Inertial Sensor-Based Algorithm for Wheelchair Propulsion Performance Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2312-0497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Biomedical Engineering Laboratories (SABEL), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Applied Sport Science Research, Queensland Academy of Sport, Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre, Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1246-3638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohito","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Biomedical Engineering Laboratories (SABEL), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"},{"name":"Information Technology Center for Sports Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, Kanoya 891-2393, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rowlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Biomedical Engineering Laboratories (SABEL), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Biomedical Engineering Laboratories (SABEL), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Applied Sport Science Research, Queensland Academy of Sport, Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre, Kessels Road, Nathan QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1080\/19346182.2012.686503","article-title":"The role of the velocometer as an innovative tool for Paralympic coaches to understand wheelchair sporting training and interventions to help optimise performance","volume":"5","author":"Mason","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sports Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"The inertial sensor: A base platform for wider adoption in sports science applications","volume":"4","author":"Espinosa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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