{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:45:58Z","timestamp":1760244358019,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"First-class Undergraduate Construction Project of Shanghai Business School","award":["SBS-2022-XJJK-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SBS-2022-XJJK-17"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Axioms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copper in the international market has been priced by copper futures contracts from the London Metal Exchange (LME) and the New York Commodity Exchange (COMEX). Copper prices initially showed a downward trend until March 2020, but after the outbreak of COVID-19, they continued to rise and reached a record high in May 2021. The rise in copper demand also stimulated the continuous growth of copper production. However, a significant amount of smelting flue gas is produced in the copper smelting process. The main component of the flue gas is SO2 and other acid gases, which pollute the environmental atmosphere. At the same time, due to the Chinese government\u2019s effective control of the pandemic, China\u2019s economy continued to grow. Therefore, as one of the world\u2019s largest copper consumers and producers, China\u2019s futures market has attracted attention for its influence on copper pricing and the pollution caused by copper smelting. In this paper, we used the grey entropy method to compare the influence of copper prices on the three futures markets and changes in China\u2019s air pollution in recent years. Our results show that before the pandemic, the influence of the LME futures copper price was the same as the COMEX but greater than the Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE). After the outbreak of the pandemic, the influence of the SHFE copper futures price significantly improved and slightly exceeded the LME and COMEX. This result echoes our finding that SO2 has caused serious air pollution in recent years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/axioms11120713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T04:34:20Z","timestamp":1670819660000},"page":"713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship Assessment of COVID-19, Air Pollution, and Copper Demand from the Perspective of Copper Price"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Raofeng","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Professional Finance and Accountancy, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 200235, China"}]},{"given":"Chin-Chao","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Finance, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711301, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Zong-Han","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Finance, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413310, Taiwan"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Application & Management, St. Mary\u2019s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 26644, Taiwan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"On the Reasons and Countermeasures of the Loss of China\u2019s Pricing Rightin Bulk Commodity","volume":"2","author":"Xue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reform. 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