{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:18:32Z","timestamp":1760149112795,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Axioms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, by considering the parametric technique, we study a class of fractional optimization problems involving data uncertainty in the objective functional. We formulate and prove the robust Karush-Kuhn-Tucker necessary optimality conditions and provide their sufficiency by considering the convexity and\/or concavity assumptions of the involved functionals. In addition, to complete the study, an illustrative example is presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/axioms12070673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T01:02:50Z","timestamp":1688950970000},"page":"673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Robust Optimality Conditions for a Class of Fractional Optimization Problems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0170-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tareq","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Financial Mathematics and Actuarial Science (FMAS)\u2014Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.13.7.492","article-title":"On nonlinear fractional programming","volume":"13","author":"Dinkelbach","year":"1967","journal-title":"Manag. 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