{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:33:26Z","timestamp":1760060006403,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R&amp;D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People\u2019s Republic of China","award":["2018YFB1402800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB1402800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Axioms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study addresses the standardization of Singular Distributed Parameter Systems (SDPSs). It focuses on classifying and simplifying first- and second-order linear SDPSs using characteristic matrix theory. First, the study classifies first-order linear SDPSs into three canonical forms based on characteristic curve theory, with an example illustrating the standardization process for parabolic SDPSs. Second, under regular conditions, first-order SDPSs can be decomposed into fast and slow subsystems, where the fast subsystem reduces to an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) system, while the slow subsystem retains the spatiotemporal characteristics of the original system. Third, the standardization and classification of second-order SDPSs is proposed using three reversible transformations that achieve structural equivalence. Finally, an illustrative example of a building temperature control is built with SDPSs. The simulation results show the importance of system standardization in real-world applications. This research provides a theoretical foundation for SDPS standardization and offers insights into the practical implementation of distributed temperature systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/axioms14080583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T09:53:02Z","timestamp":1753696382000},"page":"583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["On the Canonical Form of Singular Distributed Parameter Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhongchen","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"},{"name":"Institute of Data Analysis and Intelligent Computing, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8710-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yushan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"},{"name":"Institute of Data Analysis and Intelligent Computing, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nier","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunxiao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruoxiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Carrol, R.W., and Showalter, R. 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