{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T04:40:07Z","timestamp":1759898407979,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PNURSP2025R744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2025R744"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Axioms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper aims to introduce a new interval approach called the Semi-Type-2 interval to represent imprecise parameters in uncertain decision-making. The proposed work establishes arithmetic operations of Semi-Type-2 intervals with algebraic properties. Additionally, a new interval ranking is proposed in order to compare Semi-Type-2 interval numbers, and the corresponding properties of total order relations are also derived. All the definitions and properties related to Semi-Type-2 intervals are illustrated with the help of numerical examples. Numerical illustrations confirm the consistency of the framework and its effectiveness in extending classical interval mathematics. Finally, some probable applications of the Semi-Type-2 interval approach are demonstrated for future implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/axioms14100754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T15:05:06Z","timestamp":1759763106000},"page":"754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developments of Semi-Type-2 Interval Approach with Mathematics and Order Relation: A New Uncertainty Tackling Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9570-7911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rukhsar","family":"Khatun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6581-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadiah","family":"Aljeddani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics Department, Al-Lith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Lith 21961, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1149-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuhrah","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3559-1993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Sadikur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Khalisani Mahavidyalaya, Chandannagar 712138, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8193-3141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asoke Kumar","family":"Bhunia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maleki, A., Lavaei, M., Bagheritabar, M., Beigzad, S., and Abadi, Z. 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