{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:35:35Z","timestamp":1787027735306,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BDCC"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Satellite telemetry data plays an ever-important role in both the safety and the reliability of a satellite. These two factors are extremely significant in the field of space systems and space missions. Since it is challenging to repair space systems in orbit, health monitoring and early anomaly detection approaches are crucial for the success of space missions. A large number of efficient and accurate methods for health monitoring and anomaly detection have been proposed in aerospace systems but without showing enough concern for the patterns that can be mined from normal operational telemetry data. Concerning this, the present paper proposes DCLOP, an intelligent Deep Clustering-based Local Outlier Probabilities approach that aims at detecting anomalies alongside extracting realistic and reasonable patterns from the normal operational telemetry data. The proposed approach combines (i) a new deep clustering method that uses a dynamically weighted loss function with (ii) the adapted version of Local Outlier Probabilities based on the results of deep clustering. The DCLOP approach effectively monitors the health status of a spacecraft and detects the early warnings of its on-orbit failures. Therefore, this approach enhances the validity and accuracy of anomaly detection systems. The performance of the suggested approach is assessed using actual cube satellite telemetry data. The experimental findings prove that the suggested approach is competitive to the currently used techniques in terms of effectiveness, viability, and validity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc7010039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T02:28:57Z","timestamp":1677119337000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Deep Clustering-Based Anomaly Detection and Health Monitoring for Satellite Telemetry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Muhamed Abdulhadi","family":"Obied","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Division, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fayed F. M.","family":"Ghaleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Division, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aboul Ella","family":"Hassanien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IT Department, Faculty of Computers & Information, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt"},{"name":"Scientific Research Group in Egypt (SRGE), Giza 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0824-3782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M. H.","family":"Abdelfattah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Division, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"},{"name":"Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology, The German University in Cairo\u2014GUC, Cairo 11511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6718-0980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Division, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93473","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2927811","article-title":"A review of the space environment effects on spacecraft in different orbits","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.2514\/1.15012","article-title":"Health monitoring of a satellite system","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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