{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:42:10Z","timestamp":1772678530460,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BDCC"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates the impact of social media use on faculty job performance, exploring the mediating roles of internal communication and teamwork. Drawing on the Uses and Gratifications theory, we examine how faculty members utilize social media for three distinct purposes: social interaction (social use), enjoyment (hedonic use), and information seeking (cognitive use). We analyze how these three dimensions of social media use influence teachers\u2019 performance, encompassing both routine and innovative aspects. This analysis is based on data collected via an online survey completed by 456 faculty members at public state colleges in northern India in 2024. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings reveal that social, hedonic, and cognitive use of social media positively affects faculty innovative and routine job performance, with teamwork and internal communication acting as partial mediators in this relationship. This research offers valuable insights for faculty development professionals, educational administrators, and policymakers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc8100124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T11:19:33Z","timestamp":1727435973000},"page":"124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Does Social Media Enhance Job Performance? Examining Internal Communication and Teamwork as Mediating Mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satinder","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India"}]},{"given":"Zohour","family":"Sohbaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management Studies, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7460-9650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruchika","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gobindgarh Public College, Khanna 147301, Punjab, India"}]},{"given":"Iqra","family":"Shafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKUAST-K, Kashmir University, Srinagar 191202, Jammu & Kashmir, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3941-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramona","family":"Rupeika-Apoga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Women Researchers Council (WRC), Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Tatnall, A. (2019). Social media for tertiary education. Encyclopedia of Education and Information Technologies, Springer Nature."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Carrigan, M. (2019). Social Media for Academics, Sage Publications Limited."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2018.11.019","article-title":"Exploring the influence of excessive social media use at work: A three-dimension usage perspective","volume":"46","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain, R., Kumar, S., Sood, K., Grima, S., and Rupeika-Apoga, R. (2023). A Systematic Literature Review of the Risk Landscape in Fintech. Risks, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/risks11020036"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/sres.2169","article-title":"Time spent on social networking sites: Understanding user behavior and social capital","volume":"31","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Syst. Res. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2009.09.003","article-title":"Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media","volume":"53","author":"Kaplan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1108\/13563280710744847","article-title":"Rethinking internal communication: A stakeholder approach","volume":"12","author":"Welch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Corp. Commun. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1108\/JCOM-01-2013-0007","article-title":"Broadcasting, reacting, engaging\u2013three strategies for CSR communication in Twitter","volume":"18","author":"Etter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Commun. Manag."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5465\/annals.2015.0144","article-title":"Social media and their affordances for organizing: A review and agenda for research","volume":"11","author":"Leonardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Ann."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"461","article-title":"Multiple team membership: A theoretical model of its effects on productivity and learning for individuals and teams","volume":"36","author":"Mortensen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsis.2015.03.001","article-title":"Linking dimensions of social media use to job performance: The role of social capital","volume":"24","author":"Nevo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Strateg. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5617","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10240-1","article-title":"The academic turn: Social media in higher education","volume":"25","author":"Vandeyar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2015.12.004","article-title":"Yes for sharing, no for teaching!\u201d: Social media in academic practices","volume":"29","author":"Manca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Internet High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1080\/17544750.2014.938669","article-title":"Presenting professorship on social media: From content and strategy to evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Mou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. J. Commun."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.01.002","article-title":"To use or not to use? Social media in higher education in developing countries","volume":"58","author":"Sobaih","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2014.928229","article-title":"\u2018To tweet or not to tweet? a comparison of academics\u2019 and students\u2019 us-age of twitter in academic contexts","volume":"53","author":"Knight","year":"2016","journal-title":"Innov. Educ. Teach. Int."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Murphy, J. (2020, January 25). We Asked Teachers about Their Social Media Use. Some of Their Answers Surprised Us. Available online: https:\/\/mdreducation.com\/2019\/01\/17\/teachers-social-media-use\/."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/02666669211030553","article-title":"Relationships between social media usage, social capital and job performance: The case of hotel employees in Iran","volume":"39","author":"Ghorbanzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inf. Dev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764214540510","article-title":"The use of enterprise social network sites for knowledge sharing in distributed organizations","volume":"59","author":"Ellison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"47","article-title":"Importance and strategic planning of team management","volume":"7","author":"Soni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","article-title":"Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models","volume":"40","author":"Preacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1086\/268109","article-title":"Uses and gratifications research","volume":"37","author":"Katz","year":"1973","journal-title":"Public Opin. Q."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s13278-017-0468-8","article-title":"Social media usage and firm performance: The mediating role of social capital","volume":"7","author":"Kamboj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Netw. Anal. Min."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467610380009","article-title":"Uses and gratifications of social media: A comparison of Facebook and instant messaging","volume":"30","author":"Young","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull. Sci. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1108\/QMR-06-2013-0041","article-title":"Why people use social media: A uses and gratifications approach","volume":"16","author":"Whiting","year":"2013","journal-title":"Qual. Mark. Res. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2307\/3069458","article-title":"Social networks and the performance of individuals and groups","volume":"44","author":"Sparrowe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.2307\/256995","article-title":"Assessing the work environment for creativity","volume":"39","author":"Amabile","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.2307\/256701","article-title":"Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innova-tion in the workplace","volume":"37","author":"Scott","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1177\/009365088015005001","article-title":"Three Tiers for Innovation Research","volume":"15","author":"Kanter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Commun. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.2307\/20159587","article-title":"Employees\u2019 goal orientations, the quality of leader-member ex-change, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction","volume":"47","author":"Janssen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11980","article-title":"Study of working from home: The impact of ICT anxiety and smartphone addiction on lecturers at NIPA School of Administration on job performance","volume":"8","author":"Suryanto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.09.033","article-title":"Mechanism to enhance team creative performance through social media: A transactive memory system approach","volume":"91","author":"Ali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rupeika-Apoga, R., and Wendt, S. (2022). FinTech Development and Regulatory Scrutiny: A Contradiction? The Case of Latvia. Risks, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/risks10090167"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/joe.22185","article-title":"Impact of social media usage on job performance and employee retention: Role of knowledge sharing and organizational commitment","volume":"43","author":"Chauhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob. Bus. Organ. Excell."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-04-2021-0268","article-title":"Facilitating or inhibiting? The role of enterprise social media use in job performance","volume":"36","author":"Shang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-12-2020-0845","article-title":"Understanding the social media interactivity paradox: The effects of social media interactivity on communication quality, work interruptions and job performance","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-04-2022-0249","article-title":"The Effect of Social Media Use on Job Performance with Moderating Effects of Cyberloafing and Job Complexity","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czerwinski, M., Horvitz, E., and Wilhite, S. (2004, January 24\u201329). A Diary Study of Task Switching and Interruptions. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Vienna, Austria.","DOI":"10.1145\/985692.985715"},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Newport, C. (2016). Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World, Grand Central Publishing. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mark, G., Gudith, D., and Klocke, U. (2008, January 5\u201310). The Cost of Interrupted Work: More Speed and Stress. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Florence, Italy.","DOI":"10.1145\/1357054.1357072"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intman.2008.02.001","article-title":"Knowledge transfer in MNCs: Examining how intrinsic motivations and knowledge sourcing impact individual centrality and performance","volume":"15","author":"Teigland","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Int. Manag."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jong, D., Chen, S.-C., Ruangkanjanases, A., and Chang, Y.-H. (2021). The Impact of Social Media Usage on Work Efficiency: The Perspectives of Media Synchronicity and Gratifications. Front. Psychol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.693183"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2011.08.001","article-title":"Work and Fun on the Internet: The Effects of Utilitarianism and Hedonism Online","volume":"26","author":"Scarpi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/1062726X.2011.582204","article-title":"Strategic thinking about employee communication behavior (ECB) in public relations: Testing the models of megaphoning and scouting effects in Korea","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Public Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.0056","article-title":"MySpace and Facebook: Applying the Uses and Gratifications Theory to Exploring Friend-Networking Sites","volume":"11","author":"Raacke","year":"2008","journal-title":"CyberPsychol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sobaih, A.E.E., Hasanein, A.M., and Abu Elnasr, A.E. (2020). Responses to COVID-19 in higher education: Social media usage for sustaining formal academic communication in developing countries. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12166520"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/sajim.v19i1.834","article-title":"Social media adoption among lecturers at a traditional university in East-ern Cape Province of South Africa","volume":"19","author":"Murire","year":"2017","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nentwich, M., and K\u00f6nig, R. (2014). Academia goes Facebook? The potential of social network sites in the scholarly realm. Opening Science: The Evolving Guide on How the Internet Is Changing Research, Collaboration and Scholarly Publishing, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-00026-8_7"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22946","article-title":"The Relationship between Social Media Use, Social Media Types, and Job Performance amongst Faculty in Kenya Private Universities","volume":"9","author":"Vertinsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-017-0041-6","article-title":"Taking social media to a university classroom: Teaching and learning using Twitter and blogs","volume":"14","author":"Chawinga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"346","article-title":"A Study of Knowledge Management Alignment with Production Management: A Study of Carpet Manufacture in Kurdistan Region of Iraq","volume":"6","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Engl. Lit. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"183","article-title":"Inspiring future entrepreneurs: The effect of experiential learning on the entrepreneurial intention at higher education","volume":"6","author":"Anwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Engl. Lit. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"221","article-title":"The Use of Deliberative Democracy in Public Policy Making Process","volume":"5","author":"Abdullah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Public Policy Adm. Res."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.22161\/ijebm.5.2.6","article-title":"Impact of Service Quality on the Customer Satisfaction: Case Study at Online Meeting Platforms","volume":"5","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madsen, V.T. (2021). Internal Social Media and Internal Communication. Current Trends and Issues in Internal Communication: Theory and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-78213-9_4"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/peps.12177","article-title":"Down but not out: Newcomers can compensate for low vertical access with strong horizontal ties and favorable core self-evaluations","volume":"70","author":"Fang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-93940-7_14","article-title":"The \u2018Verticals\u2019, \u2018Horizontals\u2019, and \u2018Diagonals\u2019 in Organisational Communication: Developing Models to Mitigate Communication Barriers Through Social Media Applications","volume":"Volume 21","author":"Patnaik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Digital Business"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst, C.-P.H. (2015). Hedonic and Utilitarian Motivations of Social Network Site Usage. Factors Driving Social Network Site Usage, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-09918-3"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2011.01593.x","article-title":"Media Enjoyment as Need Satisfaction: The Contribution of Hedonic and Nonhedonic Needs","volume":"61","author":"Tamborini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Commun."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1108\/S1569-375920160000098005","article-title":"Profiles of SMEs as Borrowers: Case of Latvia","volume":"98","author":"Solovjova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp. Stud. Econ. Financ. Anal."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"1819","article-title":"Integrating Knowledge Activities for Team Innovation: Effects of Transfor-mational Leadership","volume":"44","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqt054","article-title":"Work Stress and Negative Affectivity: A Multi-Method Study","volume":"63","author":"Falco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Occup. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, W., and Chao, M. (2024). Exploring the Influence of Excessive Social Media Use on Academic Performance through Media Multitasking and Attention Problems: A Three-Dimension Usage Perspective. Educ. Inf. Technol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12811-y"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12100-0","article-title":"Impacts of online collaborative learning on students\u2019 intercultural communication apprehension and intercultural communicative competence","volume":"29","author":"Chau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-014-2346-x","article-title":"Exploring the Security of Information Sharing on Social Networking Sites: The Role of Perceived Control of Information","volume":"133","author":"Hajli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2022.2046921","article-title":"The impact of social media-based collaborative learning environments on students\u2019 use outcomes in higher education","volume":"39","author":"Sabah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.\u2013Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"267","article-title":"Effectiveness of teamwork in the workplace","volume":"32","author":"Khawam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Basic Appl. Res. (IJSBAR)"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e028280","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028280","article-title":"How Effective Is Teamwork Really? The Relationship between Teamwork and Performance in Healthcare Teams: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schmutz","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2019.04.003","article-title":"Impact of the usage of social media in the workplace on the team and employee performance","volume":"56","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"60","article-title":"Integrating the use of social media for group collaboration in ESP classroom","volume":"10","author":"Lailiyah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Engl. Teach. J. J. Engl. Lit. Lang. Educ."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thom, J., Millen, D., and DiMicco, J. (2012, January 11\u201315). Removing gamification from an enterprise SNS. Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Washington, DC, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2145204.2145362"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4948","DOI":"10.1108\/IJOEM-09-2021-1359","article-title":"Work-Related Social Media Use and Employee-Related Outcomes: A Moderated Mediation Model","volume":"18","author":"Bodhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Emerg. Mark."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Dodokh, A.M.I. (2022). Examining the Impact of Personal Social Media Use at Work on Workplace Outcomes. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Plymouth]."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Effect of Social Media on Hedonic Consumption of Individuals","volume":"3","author":"Firat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk. J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enterprise social media","volume":"Volume 4","author":"Scott","year":"2016","journal-title":"The International Encyclopedia of Organizational Communication"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-022-10289-y","article-title":"Corporate users\u2019 attachment to social networking sites: Examining the role of so-cial capital and perceived benefits","volume":"25","author":"Dhar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Front."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"1684","article-title":"Exploring Online Group Work Through The Social Cognitive Theory","volume":"13","author":"Kadar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1108\/eb059593","article-title":"Internal communication: Key steps in evaluating and improving perfor-mance","volume":"1","author":"Tourish","year":"1996","journal-title":"Corp. Commun. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rupeika-Apoga, R., and Saksonova, S. (2018). SMEs\u2019 Alternative Financing: The Case of Latvia. Eur. Res. Stud. J. XXI, 43\u201352.","DOI":"10.35808\/ersj\/1042"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1108\/13632541211278987","article-title":"Measuring return on investment (ROI) of organizations\u2019 internal commu-nication efforts","volume":"16","author":"Meng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Commun. Manag."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2015.10.015","article-title":"The effect of internal communication and employee satisfaction on supply chain integration","volume":"171","author":"Jacobs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1177\/23294884221081838","article-title":"Exploring the Impact of Internal Communication on Employee Psychological Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Employee Organizational Trust","volume":"60","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Bus. Commun."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pubrev.2019.03.001","article-title":"Creating a Positive Emotional Culture: Effect of Internal Communication and Impact on Employee Supportive Behaviors","volume":"45","author":"Men","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Relat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403713","DOI":"10.1080\/23311975.2017.1403713","article-title":"Mediating Role of Internal Communications in Market Orientation and Performance of Mobile Telecom Firms: Evidence from Ghana","volume":"4","author":"Danso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cogent Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.26740\/jim.v9n3.p954-965","article-title":"Pengaruh Teamwork terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Job Satisfac-tion","volume":"9","author":"Octavia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ilmu Manaj."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"12","article-title":"Pengaruh Teamwork Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Study Kasus Pada Pt. XYZ Jatinangor)","volume":"6","author":"Awalia","year":"2020","journal-title":"E-J. Equilib. Manaj."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McEwan, D., Ruissen, G.R., Eys, M.A., Zumbo, B.D., and Beauchamp, M.R. (2017). Beauchamp. The Effectiveness of Teamwork Training on Teamwork Behaviors and Team Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Interventions. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169604"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/job.2111","article-title":"When Perceived Innovation Job Requirement Increases Employee Innovative Behavior: A Sensemaking Perspective","volume":"38","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Organ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"207","article-title":"Internal communication and innovation capability","volume":"53","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bus. Commun."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1504\/IJIL.2021.117223","article-title":"Antecedents of innovative behaviour: Knowledge sharing, open innovation climate and internal communication","volume":"30","author":"Soares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Learn."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amalina, H., and Pusparini, E.S. (2023). Influence of Social Media Communication on Employee Innovative Work Behavior: Mediating Role of Work Engagement. 7th Global Conference on Business, Management, and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2022), Atlantis Press.","DOI":"10.2991\/978-94-6463-234-7_159"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaidi, S.H., and Rupeika-Apoga, R. (2021). Liquidity Synchronization, Its Determinants and Outcomes under Economic Growth Volatility: Evidence from Emerging Asian Economies. Risks, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/risks9020043"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8454.12021","article-title":"Free Trade and Economic Growth","volume":"53","author":"Kuo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aust. Econ. Pap."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-03-2020-0109","article-title":"Routine dynamics in virtual teams: The role of technological artifacts","volume":"35","author":"Baralou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/1464-0597.00951","article-title":"Sparkling fountains or stagnant ponds: An integrative model of creativity and innova-tion implementation in work groups","volume":"51","author":"West","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1379(199805)19:3<235::AID-JOB837>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Measuring climate for work group innovation: Development and validation of the team climate inventory","volume":"19","author":"Anderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Organ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.24191\/ajue.v17i2.13387","article-title":"Innovative work behavior among teachers in Malaysia: The effects of teamwork, principal support, and humor","volume":"7","author":"Johari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Univ. Educ. (AJUE)"},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"134","article-title":"The effect of innovation, organizational learning, and teamwork on managerial and organizational performance of rural banking in the province of south kalimantan","volume":"10","author":"Ariefahnoor","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mod. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4775","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S341500","article-title":"A Proactive Approach to Identify the Exposure Risk to COVID-19: Validation of the Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement (PREM) Model Using Real-World Data","volume":"14","author":"Grima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Risk Manag. Healthc. Policy"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.13.3.232.2771","article-title":"Knowledge networks: Explaining effective knowledge sharing in multiunit compa-nies","volume":"13","author":"Hansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Organ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.23925\/2179-3565.2023v14i3p21-31","article-title":"Teamwork and its impact on employee performance mediated by job satisfaction: A comprehensive study of services sector of Pakistan","volume":"14","author":"Phulpoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Innov. Sustain. RISUS"},{"key":"ref_102","unstructured":"Katzenbach, J.R., and Smith, D.K. (1993). The Wisdom of Teams: Creating the High-Performance Organization, Harvard Business Review Press."},{"key":"ref_103","unstructured":"Miller, K., and Barbour, J. (2019). Organizational Communication: Approaches and Processes, Cengage Learning."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mercader, V., Galv\u00e1n-Vela, E., Ravina-Ripoll, R., and Popescu, C.R.G. (2021). A focus on ethical value under the vision of leadership, teamwork, effective communication and productivity. J. Risk Financ. Manag., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jrfm14110522"},{"key":"ref_105","first-page":"1","article-title":"The influence of internal communication and teamwork on employee performance in the microwave dismantle project division pt. panca karsa sejahtera bekasi city","volume":"3","author":"Sari","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Bus. (JHSSB)"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-5915.02341","article-title":"Integrating knowledge through information trading: Examining the re-lationship between boundary spanning communication and individual performance","volume":"34","author":"Teigland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Decis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/10615800801958637","article-title":"How job demands, resources, and burnout predict objective performance: A constructive replication","volume":"21","author":"Bakker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anxiety Stress Coping"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2006.04.001","article-title":"Understanding knowledge sharing in virtual communities: An integration of social capital and social cognitive theories","volume":"42","author":"Chiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2008.09.002","article-title":"Managing knowledge sharing: Emergent and engineering ap-proaches","volume":"46","author":"Huysman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bock, G.W., Zmud, R.W., Kim, Y.G., and Lee, J.N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge shar-ing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate. MIS Q., 87\u2013111. Available online: https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/25148669.","DOI":"10.2307\/25148669"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nevo, S., and Nevo, D. (2011, January 4\u20137). Re-invention of applicable innovations: The case of virtual worlds. Proceedings of the 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Kauai, HI, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2011.355"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2307\/3250951","article-title":"Time flies when you\u2019re having fun: Cognitive absorption and beliefs about information technology usage","volume":"24","author":"Agarwal","year":"2000","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-01-2015-0017","article-title":"Explaining knowledge sharing with social capital theory in information systems development projects","volume":"115","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Convention-al criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"531","article-title":"Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects","volume":"12","author":"Podsakoff","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavior-al research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_117","unstructured":"Bentler, P.M. (1995). EQS Structural Equations Program Manual, Multivariate Software."},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"Hair, J.F. (1995). Multivariate Data Analysis with Readings, Prentice Hall. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310555","article-title":"Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests","volume":"16","author":"Cronbach","year":"1951","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800313","article-title":"Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_121","unstructured":"Hayes, A.F. (2024, August 11). Process: A Versatile Computational Tool for Observed Variable Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Modeling [White Paper]. Available online: http:\/\/www.afhayes.com\/public\/process2012.pdf."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collier, J. (2020). Applied Structural Equation Modeling Using AMOS: Basic to Advanced Techniques, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003018414"},{"key":"ref_123","unstructured":"Seaver, F.A., Cummings, T.G., and Molloy, E.S. (1977). Improving Productivity and the Quality of Work Life, Praeger."},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"163","article-title":"Social Networking Site Use, Positive Emotions, and Job Performance","volume":"61","author":"Kock","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Comput. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-11-2014-0299","article-title":"Exploring the Influence of Social Media on Employee Work Performance. Edited by Professor Pan Wang, Professor Sohail Chaudhry, Professor Ling Li","volume":"26","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-10-2012-0110","article-title":"Organizational Members\u2019 Use of Social Networking Sites and Job Performance: An Exploratory Study","volume":"26","author":"Moqbel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/0275074016675722","article-title":"Social Media in the Workplace: Information Exchange, Productivity, or Waste?","volume":"48","author":"Fusi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Public Adm."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/jcc4.12029","article-title":"Enterprise Social Media: Definition, History, and Prospects for the Study of Social Technologies in Organizations","volume":"19","author":"Leonardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Comput.-Mediat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treem, J.W., and Leonardi, P.M. (2012). Social Media Use in Organizations: Exploring the Affordances of Visibility, Editability, Persistence, and Association. SSRN Electron. J.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2129853"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1108\/JOE-09-2016-0020","article-title":"Social Media and the Promise of Excellence in Internal Communication","volume":"6","author":"Verheyden","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Organ. Ethnogr."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12255","article-title":"The Effects of Facebook and WhatsApp on Success in English Vocabulary Instruction","volume":"34","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Learn."}],"container-title":["Big Data and Cognitive Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2504-2289\/8\/10\/124\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:05:32Z","timestamp":1760112332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2504-2289\/8\/10\/124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"references-count":131,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["bdcc8100124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bdcc8100124","relation":{},"ISSN":["2504-2289"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2504-2289","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]}}}