{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:09:46Z","timestamp":1784732986407,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a.","award":["PID2023-149777OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-149777OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a.","award":["PID2022-141172OA-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-141172OA-I00"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a.","award":["PID2023-149777OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-149777OB-I00"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a.","award":["PID2022-141172OA-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-141172OA-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BDCC"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease is one of the neurodegenerative conditions that has seen a significant increase in prevalence in recent decades. The lack of specific screening tests and notable disease biomarkers, combined with the strain on healthcare systems, leads to delayed detection of the disease, which worsens its progression. The development of diagnostic support tools can support early detection and facilitate timely intervention. The ability of Deep Learning algorithms to identify complex features from clinical data has proven to be a promising approach in various medical domains as support tools. In this study, we present an investigation of different architectures based on Gated Recurrent Neural Networks to assess their effectiveness in identifying subjects with Parkinson\u2019s disease from gait records. Models with Long-Short term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) layers were evaluated. Performance results reach competitive effectiveness values with the current state-of-the-art accuracy (up to 93.75% (average \u00b1 SD: 86 \u00b1 5%)), simplifying computational complexity, which represents an advance in the implementation of executable screening and diagnostic support tools in systems with few computational resources in wearable devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc9070183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T11:19:27Z","timestamp":1751887167000},"page":"183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gait-Based Parkinson\u2019s Disease Detection Using Recurrent Neural Networks for Wearable Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1077-7773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Rangel-Cascajosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robotics and Technology of Computers Laboratory, ETSII-EPS, 41012 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4352-8759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Luna-Perej\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robotics and Technology of Computers Laboratory, ETSII-EPS, 41012 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Computer Engineering Research Institute (I3US), E.T.S. Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9466-485X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saturnino","family":"Vicente-Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robotics and Technology of Computers Laboratory, ETSII-EPS, 41012 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Computer Engineering Research Institute (I3US), E.T.S. Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5669-9111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robotics and Technology of Computers Laboratory, ETSII-EPS, 41012 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Computer Engineering Research Institute (I3US), E.T.S. Ingenier\u00eda Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022). Parkinson Disease: A Public Health Approach: Technical Brief, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1686-y","article-title":"Epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"124","author":"Tysnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.11.004","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Its role in neuronal death and implications for therapeutic intervention","volume":"37","author":"Tansey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol. 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