{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T22:37:28Z","timestamp":1761518248621,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["Additive\/A76103","iADDVA\/A77069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Additive\/A76103","iADDVA\/A77069"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computation"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigate the thermomechanical behavior of 3D printing of metals in the laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process, also known as selective laser melting (SLM). Heat transport away from the printed object is a limiting factor. We construct a one-dimensional thermoviscoelastic continuum model for the case where a thin fin is being printed at a constant velocity. We use a coordinate frame that moves with the printing laser, and apply an Eulerian perspective to the moving solid. We consider a steady state similar to those used in the analysis of production processes in the process industry, in the field of research known as axially moving materials. By a dimensional analysis, we obtain the nondimensional parameters that govern the fundamental physics of the modeled process. We then obtain a parametric analytical solution, and as an example, illustrate it using material parameters for 316L steel. The nondimensional parameterization has applications in real-time control of the L-PBF process. The novelty of the model is in the use of an approach based on the theory of axially moving materials, which yields a new perspective on modeling of the 3D printing process. Furthermore, the analytical solution is easy to implement, and allows fast exploration of the parameter space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computation10060083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T01:40:45Z","timestamp":1653702045000},"page":"83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["One-Dimensional Thermomechanical Model for Additive Manufacturing Using Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4036-8745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"Jeronen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Technology, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 207, 40101 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7787-3836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tero","family":"Tuovinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Technology, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 207, 40101 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Kurki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Technology, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 207, 40101 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milewski, J.O. (2017). Additive Manufacturing of Metals, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58205-4"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng, X., Kong, L., Fuh, J.Y.H., and Wang, H. (2021). A review of post-processing technologies in additive manufacturing. J. Manuf. Mater. Process., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp5020038"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"7","article-title":"Thermal modeling of Inconel 718 processed with powder bed fusion and experimental validation using in situ measurements","volume":"11","author":"Denlinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Moraes, D.A., and Czekanski, A. (2018). Parametric thermal FL analysis on the laser powder input and powder effective thermal conductivity during selective laser melting of SS304L. J. Manuf. Mater. Process., 2.","DOI":"10.3390\/jmmp2030047"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Moraes, D.A., and Czekanski, A. 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[2nd ed.]."}],"container-title":["Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-3197\/10\/6\/83\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:20:06Z","timestamp":1760138406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-3197\/10\/6\/83"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["computation10060083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/computation10060083","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-3197"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2079-3197"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]}}}