{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:44:36Z","timestamp":1760147076096,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computation"],"abstract":"<jats:p>FSO communications tend to be one of most convenient, wireless, high-data-rate communications technologies of global telecom networking, and they are implemented and operated with low-cost resources. Despite their advantages, FSO systems\u2019 performance is delimited by several physical phenomena, which act on propagating signal beams through the atmospheric path. Among other effects, chromatic dispersion and time jitter affect the shape and the detection instant of the incoming optical pulse, respectively. This results in signal fading and probable misdetections, and the signal fades along the propagation path due to power losses. Particularly, chromatic dispersion affects the width of the longitudinal information pulse, while the stochastic nature of the time jitter effect is treated with the use of a statistical model for the instantly received irradiance of the detecting pulse at the corresponding time slot. In this study, the symmetrical Laplace distribution was chosen for weak time jitter effect emulation because of its symmetry in pulse detection before or after the center of the specific timeslot. Thus, the joint influence of all three effects could considered, including all the parameters involved. Moreover, new-closed-form mathematical expressions were derived in order to accurately estimate the availability and the reliability of the FSO links under consideration. Next, using the derived mathematical forms, performance outcomes were presented for typical parameter values for realistic FSO links.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computation11010006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T04:08:07Z","timestamp":1672805287000},"page":"6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dispersive FSO Performance Estimation with Gaussian Pulses and Laplace Modeled Time Jitter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"P. J.","family":"Gripeos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Oreinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8467-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Kriempardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8247-3930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. D.","family":"Tsigopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Battle Systems, Naval Operations, Sea Studies, Navigation, Electronics and Telecommunications, Hellenic Naval Academy, Hadjikyriakou Ave, 18539 Piraeus, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9941-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Kapotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Katsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Educational Policy, University of the Peloponnese, 20100 Korinthos, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9301-0691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. E.","family":"Nistazakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Arnon, S. (2003). Optical Wireless Communications, Marcel Dekker Inc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2004.1299334","article-title":"Urban optical wireless communication networks: The main challenges and possible solutions","volume":"42","author":"Kedar","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"2","article-title":"An introduction to free-space optical communications","volume":"19","author":"Henniger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Ghassemlooy, Z., and Popoola, W.O. (2010). Terrestrial Free-Space Optical Communications. 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