{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:49:08Z","timestamp":1785577748782,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computation"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work aims to create a web-based real-time monitoring system for electrical energy consumption inside a specific residence. This electrical energy is generated from a micro-CPV system lying on the roof of this residence. The micro-CPV is composed of a Fresnel lens as the main optical element, a spherical lens as the secondary optical element, and a multi-junction solar cell. A tiny photovoltaic concentrator system with a geometric concentration ratio of 100\u00d7 is analyzed in the first part of this study, while the second part is designed to monitor the electricity generated by the micro-CPV system. An ESP8266 controller chipset is used to build the sensing peripheral node, which controls a relay and a PZEM-004T current sensor. As a result, the optical element used has approximately 83% optical efficiency, with an acceptance angle of 1.5\u00b0. Regarding the monitoring system, the architecture demonstrates the ability of the system to monitor current and energy consumption in real time using a computer or smartphone and a web server specially designed to continuously update the power consumption profile in a specific smart home environment. The whole electric power consumption monitoring system generally worked well. The monitoring system is configured to provide excellent accuracy for a 0.6% hit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computation11040078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T03:49:29Z","timestamp":1681098569000},"page":"78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Energy Consumption Monitoring System Based on IoT for Residential Rooftops"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3803-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah El","family":"Himer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez P.O. Box 2202, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3993-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariyam","family":"Ouaissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP 298, Meknes 50050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0088-3742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariya","family":"Ouaissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP 298, Meknes 50050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8873-9755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moez","family":"Krichen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FCSIT, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65528, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"ReDCAD Laboratory, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1177-8179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohannad","family":"Alswailim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Information Systems and Production Management, College of Business and Economics, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6640, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4611-6493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutiq","family":"Almutiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Information Systems and Production Management, College of Business and Economics, Qassim University, P.O. Box 6640, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4753823","article-title":"High-efficiency multijunction solar cells employing dilute nitrides","volume":"1477","author":"Sabnis","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIP Conf. 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