{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:59:52Z","timestamp":1760057992535,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft, DFG)","award":["SPP 1886","SPP 1748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP 1886","SPP 1748"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computation"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we present an up-scaling framework in a multi-scale setting to calibrate a stochastic material model. In particular with regard to application of the proposed method, we employ Bayesian updating to identify the probability distribution of continuum-based coarse-scale model parameters from fine-scale measurements, which is discrete and also inherently random (aleatory uncertainty) in nature. Owing to the completely dissimilar nature of models for the involved scales, the energy is used as the essential medium (i.e., the predictions of the coarse-scale model and measurements from the fine-scale model) of communication between them. This task is realized computationally using a generalized version of the Kalman filter, employing a functional approximation of the involved parameters. The approximations are obtained in a non-intrusive manner and are discussed in detail especially for the fine-scale measurements. The demonstrated numerical examples show the utility and generality of the presented approach in terms of obtaining calibrated coarse-scale models as reasonably accurate approximations of fine-scale ones and greater freedom to select widely different models on both scales, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computation13030068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T07:05:46Z","timestamp":1741331146000},"page":"68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stochastic Up-Scaling of Discrete Fine-Scale Models Using Bayesian Updating"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Sadiq","family":"Sarfaraz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Scientific Computing, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"}]},{"given":"Bojana V.","family":"Rosi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair for Applied Mechanics and Data Analysis, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8644-5574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermann G.","family":"Matthies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Scientific Computing, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7825(99)00224-8","article-title":"FE2 multiscale approach for modelling the elastoviscoplastic behaviour of long fibre SiC\/Ti composite materials","volume":"183","author":"Feyel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comput. 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