{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:23:23Z","timestamp":1781533403841,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RGP2\/492\/46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP2\/492\/46"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["RGP2\/492\/46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP2\/492\/46"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/052kwzs30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computation"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brush seals represent the most effective sealing technology, offering 5 to 10 times lower leakage flow rates, resulting in an 80% to 90% increase in sealing efficiency. However, key challenges remain in optimizing brush seal performance, including managing high frictional heat, maintaining consistent leakage flow, and preventing mechanical deformation failures within the bristle pack. This study uses a fluid\u2013mechanical coupling method to establish and refine numerical investigation procedures. Using porous media and local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) approaches, the effects of the pressure ratio on seal performance are analyzed. The results reveal that the difference between the maximum directional and total deformations is 0.9108 mm, with the total deformation being approximately 79,666% larger than the directional deformation. These findings highlight that the bristle pack must be designed with primary consideration of total deformation to enhance performance and efficiency. The proposed methodologies enable more robust comparative evaluations of alternative brush seal configurations, including two-stage bristle packs and inline structural models. This facilitates the identification of optimized structures that minimize leakage, enhance energy dissipation, and improve the overall seal performance, thereby advancing the porous media model from a general approximation to a design-optimized tool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computation14040083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:51:02Z","timestamp":1775148662000},"page":"83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advanced Computational Investigation of Brush Seal Thermo-Fluid\u2013Mechanical Performance Through Novel Porous Media Coefficient Derivation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6472-8138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Altyib Abdallah Mahmoud","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China"},{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Science, Nyala University, Nyala 63311, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7871-9619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aboubaker I. B.","family":"Idriss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Science, Nyala University, Nyala 63311, Sudan"},{"name":"College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelgalal O. I.","family":"Abaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Administrative Sciences, Applied College in Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2906723","article-title":"A combined experimental and theoretical study of flow and pressure distributions in a brush seal","volume":"115","author":"Bayley","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Eng. 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