{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T05:57:53Z","timestamp":1775714273204,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund and the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts of Baden- W\u00fcrttemberg, Germany","award":["43031423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["43031423"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, a combination of graph-based design and simulation-based engineering (SBE) into a new concept called Executable Integrative Product-Production Model (EIPPM) is elaborated. Today, the first collaborative process in engineering for all mechatronic disciplines is the virtual commissioning phase. The authors see a hitherto untapped potential for the earlier, integrated and iterative use of SBE for the development of production systems (PS). Seamless generation of and exchange between Model-, Software- and Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations is necessary. Feedback from simulation results will go into the design decisions after each iteration. The presented approach combines knowledge of the domain \u201cPSs\u201d together with the knowledge of the corresponding \u201cproduct\u201d using a so called Graph-based Design Language (GBDL). Its central data model, which represents the entire life cycle of product and PS, results of an automatic translation step in a compiler. Since the execution of the GBDL can be repeated as often as desired with modified boundary conditions (e.g., through feedback), a design of experiment is made possible, whereby unconventional solutions are also considered. The novel concept aims at the following advantages: Consistent linking of all mechatronic disciplines through a data model (graph) from the project start, automatic design cycles exploring multiple variants for optimized product-PS combinations, automatic generation of simulation models starting with the planning phase and feedback from simulation-based optimization back into the data model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers10060072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T11:07:02Z","timestamp":1622113622000},"page":"72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["EIPPM\u2014The Executable Integrative Product-Production Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5407-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Schopper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aircraft Design (IFB), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"K\u00fcbler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW), University of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Rudolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aircraft Design (IFB), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1883-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Riedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW), University of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-006-9028-7","article-title":"Flexible and reconfigurable manufacturing systems paradigms","volume":"17","author":"ElMaraghy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. 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