{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T19:54:43Z","timestamp":1776282883475,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Archives, Korea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2019, the National Archives of Korea (NAK) developed a blockchain recordkeeping platform to conduct R&amp;D on recordkeeping approaches. This paper introduces two types of R&amp;D studies that have been conducted thus far. The first is the use of blockchain transaction audit trail technology to ensure the authenticity of audiovisual archives, i.e., the application of blockchain to a new system. The second uses blockchain technology to verify whether the datasets of numerous information systems built by government agencies are managed without forgery or tampering, i.e., the application of blockchain to an existing system. Government work environments globally are rapidly shifting from paper records to digital. However, the traditional recordkeeping methodology has not adequately kept up with these digital changes. Despite the importance of responding to digital changes by incorporating innovative technologies such as blockchain in recordkeeping practices, it is not easy for most archives to invest funds in experiments on future technologies. Owing to the Korean government\u2019s policy of investing in digital transformation, NAK\u2019s blockchain recordkeeping platform has been developed, and several R&amp;D tasks are underway. Hopefully, the findings of this study will be shared with archivists around the world who are focusing on the future of recordkeeping.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers10080090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T11:53:23Z","timestamp":1626868403000},"page":"90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Research and Development of Blockchain Recordkeeping at the National Archives of Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hosung","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Archives of Korea, Daejeon 35208, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4029-9372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongmin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Archives and Records Management, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Jung, C.-S. (2007). The Theory of Electronic Government, Seoul Economic Management Publishing Company. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"National Archives of Korea (2017). Government Business Datasets Records Management Development Planning, National Archives of Korea."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"National Archives of Korea (2017). Technical Specification for Long-Term Preservation Format ver. 2.1. Standard, NAK. NAK 31:2017(v2.1)."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"ISO 15489-1 (2016). Information and documentation-records management part 1. Concepts and Principles, ISO."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lemieux, V.L. (2017, January 11\u201314). A typology of blockchain recordkeeping solutions and some reflections on their implications for the future of archival preservation. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Boston, MA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData.2017.8258180"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Green, A., Das, A., Cooper, D., Fawcett, J., Keller, J., Higgins, J., and Bui, T. (2019). ARCHANGEL: Guaranteeing the Integrity of Digital Archives, Open Data Institute, The National Archives, University of Surrey."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bui, T.C., Collomosse, D., Bell, J., Gree, M., Sheridan, A., and Brown, J.A. (2019, January 16\u201317). ARCHANGEL: Tamper-proofing video archives using temporal content hashes on the blockchain. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, Long Beach, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2019.00338"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"80","article-title":"A Study on the Applications of Blockchain Transactions and Smart Contracts in Recordkeeping","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Arch. Rec. Manag."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2021, July 12). NAK-DLT. Available online: https:\/\/github.com\/Hosung-wang\/NAK-DLT."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Pearce-Moses, R. (2013). A Glossary of Archival and Records Terminology. Society of American Archivists, The Society of American Archivists."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Ministry of the Interior and Safety (2021). Enforcement Decree of the Management of Public Records Act, NAK. Article 2, No. 11."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Ministry of the Interior and Safety (2019). Statistical Report on 2020 GEAP (Government-Wide Enterprise Architecture)-Based Public Sector Information Resource Status, Ministry of the Interior and Safety."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"National Archives of Korea (2020). Record Keeping Criteria for Dataset (Composition of Dataset Management Reference Table & Exchange of Dataset), NAK. Standard, NAK 35:2020(v1.0)."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(2021, July 12). SIARD_KR. Available online: https:\/\/github.com\/nakdataset\/SIARD_KR."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"ECH (2016). eCH-0165 SIARD Format Specification, Verein eCH. Standard, eCH-0165(v2.0)."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2021, July 21). LOOPCHAIN. Available online: https:\/\/www.iconloop.com\/en\/loopchain."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(2021, July 21). Prototype for Verifying Integrity of Dataset using Blockchain. Available online: https:\/\/github.com\/likeba\/VID."}],"container-title":["Computers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-431X\/10\/8\/90\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:32:49Z","timestamp":1760164369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-431X\/10\/8\/90"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["computers10080090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/computers10080090","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-431X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-431X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]}}}