{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T14:06:32Z","timestamp":1784297192194,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ibero-American Science and Technology Development Program (CYTED)","award":["723RT0150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["723RT0150"]}]},{"name":"Ibero-American Science and Technology Development Program (CYTED)","award":["6-23-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-23-7"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira","award":["723RT0150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["723RT0150"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira","award":["6-23-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6-23-7"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper utilizes convex optimization to implement a day-ahead scheduling strategy for operating a photovoltaic distribution static compensator (PV-STATCOM) in medium-voltage distribution networks. The nonlinear non-convex programming model of the day-ahead scheduling strategy is transformed into a convex optimization model using the second-order cone programming approach in the complex domain. The main goal of efficiently operating PV-STATCOMs in distribution networks is to dynamically compensate for the active and reactive power generated by renewable energy resources such as photovoltaic plants. This is achieved by controlling power electronic converters, usually voltage source converters, to manage reactive power with lagging or leading power factors. Numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of different power factors on the IEEE 33- and 69-bus systems. The simulations considered operations with a unity power factor (active power injection only), a zero power factor (reactive power injection only), and a variable power factor (active and reactive power injections). The results demonstrated the benefits of dynamic, active and reactive power compensation in reducing grid power losses, voltage profile deviations, and energy purchasing costs at the substation terminals. These simulations were conducted using the CVX tool and the Gurobi solver in the MATLAB programming environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers12070142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:47:38Z","timestamp":1689727658000},"page":"142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efficient Day-Ahead Scheduling of PV-STATCOMs in Medium-Voltage Distribution Networks Using a Second-Order Cone Relaxation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6051-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar Danilo","family":"Montoya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Compatibilidad e Interferencia Electromagn\u00e9tica (GCEM), Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas, Bogot\u00e1 110231, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar David","family":"Florez-Cediel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas, Bogot\u00e1 110231, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7609-1197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Gil-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira 660003, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2021.102857","article-title":"Transport infrastructure and CO2 emissions in the OECD over the long run","volume":"95","author":"Churchill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transp. 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