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This paper presents a methodological framework for designing personalised training programs that support personnel upskilling, with the goal of fostering flexibility and resilience amid rapid changes in the industrial landscape. The proposed framework encompasses seven stages: (1) Integration with Existing Systems, (2) Data Collection, (3) Data Preparation, (4) Skills-Models Extraction, (5) Assessment of Skills and Qualifications, (6) Recommendations for Training Program, (7) Evaluation and Continuous Improvement. By leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) and human-centric principles, our methodology enables the creation of tailored training programs to help organisations promote a culture of proactive learning. This work thus contributes to the sustainable development of the human workforce, facilitating access to high-quality training and fostering personnel well-being and satisfaction. Through a food-processing use case, this paper demonstrates how this methodology can help organisations identify skill gaps and upskilling opportunities and use these insights to drive personnel upskilling in Industry 5.0.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers12110224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T02:41:56Z","timestamp":1698979316000},"page":"224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["A Methodological Framework for Designing Personalised Training Programs to Support Personnel Upskilling in Industry 5.0"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0852-8953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Fraile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre on Production Management and Engineering (CIGIP), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2731-8727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foivos","family":"Psarommatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre on Production Management and Engineering (CIGIP), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"SIRIUS, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0783-3932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faustino","family":"Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre on Production Management and Engineering (CIGIP), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3315-1716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Joan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VRAIN\u2014Valencian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2022.04.018","article-title":"A Holistic Approach for Achieving Sustainable Manufacturing Using Zero Defect Manufacturing: A Conceptual Framework","volume":"107","author":"Psarommatis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2019.03.024","article-title":"Manufacturing System Design Using Simulation in Metal Industry towards Education 4.0","volume":"Volume 31","author":"Mourtzis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Procedia Manufacturing"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2021.11.109","article-title":"Supporting the Digital Transformation: A Low-Threshold Approach for Manufacturing Related Higher Education and Employee Training","volume":"104","author":"Kuhn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Filz, M.-A., Bosse, J.P., and Herrmann, C. 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