{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:43:11Z","timestamp":1760150591536,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems (DIMES), University of Calabria","award":["SIMPATICO ZUMPANO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIMPATICO ZUMPANO"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The automation industry faces the challenge of avoiding interference with obstacles, estimating the next move of a robot, and optimizing its path in various environments. Although researchers have predicted the next move of a robot in linear and non-linear environments, there is a lack of precise estimation of sectorial error probability while moving a robot on a curvy path. Additionally, existing approaches use visual sensors, incur high costs for robot design, and ineffective in achieving motion stability on various surfaces. To address these issues, the authors in this manuscript propose a low-cost and multisensory robot capable of moving on an optimized path in diverse environments with eight degrees of freedom. The authors use the extended Kalman filter and unscented Kalman filter for localization and position estimation of the robot. They also compare the sectorial path prediction error at different angles from 0\u00b0 to 180\u00b0 and demonstrate the mathematical modeling of various operations involved in navigating the robot. The minimum deviation of 1.125 cm between the actual and predicted path proves the effectiveness of the robot in a real-life environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers12120250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T03:58:02Z","timestamp":1701403082000},"page":"250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Low-Cost Multisensory Robot for Optimized Path Planning in Diverse Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7688-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohit","family":"Mittal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5786-2504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geeta","family":"Rani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0916-9326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vibhakar","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Arya College of Engineering and Information Technology, Jaipur 302028, India"}]},{"given":"Sonam","family":"Chhikara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2578-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijaypal Singh","family":"Dhaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7457-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenio","family":"Vocaturo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy"},{"name":"National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR-NANOTEC) Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 31\/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Zumpano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy"},{"name":"National Research Council, Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR-NANOTEC) Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 31\/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21014\/acta_imeko.v11i3.1255","article-title":"Jelly-Z: Twisted and coiled polymer muscle actuated jellyfish robot for environmental monitoring","volume":"11","author":"Matharu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta IMEKO"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Sensors-based mobile robot for harsh environments: Functionalities, energy consumption analysis and characterization","volume":"10","author":"Katamba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta IMEKO"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.21014\/acta_imeko.v8i4.688","article-title":"Interactive model of magnetic field reconstruction stand for mobile robot navigation algorithms debugging which use magnetometer data","volume":"8","author":"Goll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta IMEKO"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.21014\/acta_imeko.v8i4.685","article-title":"An active beacon-based leader vehicle tracking system","volume":"8","author":"Goll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta IMEKO"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, G., Qin, D., and Ju, H. 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