{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:14:46Z","timestamp":1771258486609,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chair","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC-2021-00452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC-2021-00452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Industries 4.0 and 5.0 are based on technological advances, notably large language models (LLMs), which are making a significant contribution to the transition to smart factories. Although considerable research has explored this phenomenon, the literature remains fragmented and lacks an integrative framework that highlights the multifaceted implications of using LLMs in the context of digital manufacturing. To address this limitation, we conducted a systematic literature review, analyzing 53 papers selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our descriptive and thematic analyses, respectively, mapped new trends and identified emerging themes, classified into three axes: (1) manufacturing process optimization, (2) data structuring and innovation, and (3) human\u2013machine interaction and ethical challenges. Our results revealed that LLMs can enhance operational performance and foster innovation while redistributing human roles. Our research offers an in-depth understanding of the implications of LLMs. Finally, we propose a future research agenda to guide future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers14080318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T09:25:52Z","timestamp":1754558752000},"page":"318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Integrating Large Language Models into Digital Manufacturing: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4253-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chourouk","family":"Ouerghemmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research on New Forms of Consumption (LaboNFC), Canada Research Chair Technology, Sustainability, and Society (Chaire TDS), Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC G7H 2B1, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9959-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myriam","family":"Ertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Research on New Forms of Consumption (LaboNFC), Canada Research Chair Technology, Sustainability, and Society (Chaire TDS), Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC G7H 2B1, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheriet, M., Boucher, J.-F., Gondim de Almeida Guimar\u00e3es, L., and Frayret, J.-M. 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