{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:40:58Z","timestamp":1760060458110,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent developments in large language models allow for real time, context-aware tutoring. AI Gem, presented in this article, is a layered architecture that integrates personalization, adaptive feedback, and curricular alignment into transformer based tutoring agents. The architecture combines retrieval augmented generation, Bayesian learner model, and policy-based dialog in a verifiable and deployable software stack. The opportunities are scalable tutoring, multimodal interaction, and augmentation of teachers through content tools and analytics. Risks are factual errors, bias, over reliance, latency, cost, and privacy. The paper positions AI Gem as a design framework with testable hypotheses. A scenario-based walkthrough and new diagrams assign each learner step to the ten layers. Governance guidance covers data privacy across jurisdictions and operation in resource constrained environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers14090367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T14:16:55Z","timestamp":1756822615000},"page":"367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["AI Gem: Context-Aware Transformer Agents as Digital Twin Tutors for Adaptive Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3521-4757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attila","family":"Kovari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digital Technology, Faculty of Informatics, Eszterh\u00e1zy K\u00e1roly Catholic University, 3300 Eger, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Dunaujvaros, 2400 Dunaujvaros, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Electronics and Communication Systems, Kand\u00f3 K\u00e1lm\u00e1n Faculty of Electrical Engineering, \u00d3buda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, John von Neumann University, 6000 Kecskemet, Hungary"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, S., Guo, X., Hu, X., and Zhao, X. 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