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This review bridges that gap by systematically analyzing computational, geospatial, and machine learning approaches used for EMF exposure mapping across both wireless communication engineering and public health domains. A novel taxonomy is introduced to clarify overlapping terminology\u2014encompassing radio maps, radio environment maps, and EMF exposure maps\u2014and to classify construction methods, including analytical models, model-based interpolation, and data-driven learning techniques. In addition, the review highlights domain-specific challenges such as indoor versus outdoor mapping, data sparsity, and model generalization, while identifying emerging opportunities in hybrid modeling, big data integration, and explainable AI. By combining perspectives from communication engineering and public health, this work provides a broader and more interdisciplinary synthesis than previous surveys, offering a structured reference and roadmap for advancing robust, scalable, and socially relevant EMF mapping frameworks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers14090373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T12:18:18Z","timestamp":1757074698000},"page":"373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Electromagnetic Field Distribution Mapping: A Taxonomy and Comprehensive Review of Computational and Machine Learning Methods"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6805-3203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiannis","family":"Kiouvrekis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab, Faculty of Public and One Health, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Information Technologies, University of Limassol, Limassol 3036, Cyprus"},{"name":"Business School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2115, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4044-6018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodor","family":"Panagiotakopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, 26334 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.1900494","article-title":"Massive Access for Future Wireless Communication Systems","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. 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