{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T14:37:16Z","timestamp":1781534236915,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China","award":["2021A0101180005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A0101180005"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Strategic Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund","award":["pdjh202bk248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["pdjh202bk248"]}]},{"name":"Department of Environment, Science and Innovation of Queensland State Government","award":["#Q2032001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#Q2032001"]}]},{"award":["#Q2032001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#Q2032001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/037405308","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computers"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper addresses the problem of throughput utility maximization in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-enabled wireless power transfer mobile edge computing (WPT-MEC) network with dynamic task arrivals and user cooperation. To promote fairness and effectively handle random task arrivals and time-varying channels, we model the system utility as a nonlinear function of time-averaged throughput. We then formulate a stochastic optimization problem aimed at maximizing utility while strictly maintaining sensor queue stability. By leveraging the Lyapunov optimization framework, the long-term network-wide utility maximization is decomposed into efficient, slot-wise convex subproblems that operate online without requiring prior knowledge of future task arrivals or channel states. We develop a Dynamic User Cooperation Throughput Maximization (DUCTM) algorithm that enables adaptive resource allocation and cooperative computation offloading in an online manner. Theoretical analysis establishes a provable [O(1\/V),O(V)] trade-off between utility optimality and queue backlog. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our approach consistently outperforms baseline methods, providing robust and stable performance even under bursty traffic and highly dynamic environmental conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/computers15060344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T14:36:56Z","timestamp":1779892616000},"page":"344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["DUCTM: An Online Resource Allocation Algorithm for Throughput Maximization in Cooperative NOMA-Enabled WPT-MEC Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4437-4277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaiwen","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaoling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan 528400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenghao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer, Zhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan 528400, China"},{"name":"Computer Science and Engineering School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton 4701, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Green Building and Low-Carbon Technology, Guangxi Technological College of Machinery and Electricity, Nanning 530007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9763","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3040768","article-title":"Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Vehicular Computation Offloading in IoT","volume":"8","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10731","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3048937","article-title":"Computation Energy Efficiency Maximization for a NOMA-Based WPT-MEC Network","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2020.3020474","article-title":"Energy-efficient cooperative communication and computation for wireless powered mobile-edge computing","volume":"16","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Syst. 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