{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T02:09:03Z","timestamp":1762999743971,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the 4th project \u201cResearch on the Key Technology of Endogenous Security Switches\u201d","award":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program \u201cNew Network Equipment Based on Independent Programmable Chips\u201d","award":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities","award":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province Modern Education Technology Research Project","award":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFB1804604","2020YFB1804600","30918012204","30920041112","84365"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cryptography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The influx of wearable sensor devices has influenced a new paradigm termed wearable health crowd-sensing (WHCS). WHCS enables wearable data collection through active sensing to provide health monitoring to users. Wearable sensing devices capture data and transmit it to the cloud for data processing and analytics. However, data sent to the cloud is vulnerable to on-path attacks. The bandwidth limitation issue is also another major problem during large data transfers. Moreover, the WHCS faces several anonymization issues. In light of this, this article presents a batch processing method to solve the identified issues in WHCS. The proposed batch processing method provides an aggregate authentication and verification approach to resolve bandwidth limitation issues in WHCS. The security of our scheme shows its resistance to forgery and replay attacks, as proved in the random oracle (ROM), while offering anonymity to users. Our performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme achieves a lower computational and communication cost with a reduction in the storage overhead compared to other existing schemes. Finally, the proposed method is more energy-efficient, demonstrating that it is suitable for the WHCS system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cryptography6030033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T20:47:56Z","timestamp":1656535676000},"page":"33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Batch Processing Technique for Wearable Health Crowd-Sensing in the Internet of Things"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6447-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail Akosua","family":"Addobea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0998-1517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qianmu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1642-0291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac Obiri","family":"Amankona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6986-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Sciences, Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-smc.2020.0037","article-title":"Mobile crowdsensing approaches to address the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain","volume":"2","author":"Cecilia","year":"2020","journal-title":"IET Smart Cities"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2015.7054716","article-title":"User privacy and data trustworthiness in mobile crowd sensing","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. 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