{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T09:22:27Z","timestamp":1767691347383,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The presented dataset contains spatial models of cones formed from lunar soil simulants. The cones were formed in a laboratory by allowing the soil to fall freely through a funnel. Then, the cones were measured using three methods: a high-precision handheld laser scanner (HLS), photogrammetry, and a low-cost LiDAR system integrated into an iPad Pro. The dataset consists of two groups. The first group contains raw measurement data, and the second group contains the geometry of the cones themselves, excluding their surroundings. This second group was prepared to support the calculation of the cones\u2019 volume. All data are provided in standard 3D file format (.STL). The dataset enables direct comparison of resolution and geometric reconstruction performance across the three techniques and can be reused for benchmarking 3D processing workflows, segmentation algorithms, and shape reconstruction methods. It provides complete geometric information suitable for validating automated extraction procedures for parameters such as cone height, base diameter, and angle of repose, as well as for further research into planetary soil and granular material morphology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data11010010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T08:42:58Z","timestamp":1767688978000},"page":"10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatial Dataset for Comparing 3D Measurement Techniques on Lunar Regolith Simulant Cones"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7753-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"K\u0119dziorski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental and Geodetic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, \u015aniadeckich 2, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Kobaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawoche\u0144skiego 15, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4049-5330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Katzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawoche\u0144skiego 15, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5017-4522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Tysi\u0105c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gda\u0144sk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11\/12, 80-233 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8073-6242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Jagoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental and Geodetic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, \u015aniadeckich 2, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8695-4400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Machi","family":"Zawidzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2025.119366","article-title":"Comparison of spatial data acquisition techniques for the geometric analysis of lunar regolith","volume":"258","author":"Kobaka","year":"2026","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"023358","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0252502","article-title":"Distinctive impact responses of extraterrestrial regolith simulants: Insights from crater morphology classification and granular dynamics through machine learning and x-ray computed tomography","volume":"37","author":"Ishii","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2020.08.039","article-title":"The technology of lunar regolith environment construction on Earth","volume":"178","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Astronaut."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2478\/arsa-2023-0023","article-title":"Magnetic Separation of Lunar Regolith as its Beneficiation for Construction Effort on the Moon","volume":"58","author":"Kobaka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Artif. Satell."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/24705357.2023.2204087","article-title":"Evaluating Apple iPhone LiDAR measurements of topography and roughness elements in coarse bedded streams","volume":"10","author":"Monsalve","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ecohydraulics"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1007\/s12145-024-01280-z","article-title":"Estimating millimeter-scale surface roughness of rock outcrops using drone-flyover structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry by applying machine learning model","volume":"17","author":"Nakamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Earth Sci. Inform."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u0119dziorski, P., Jagoda, M., Tysi\u0105c, P., and Katzer, J. (2024). An Example of Using Low-Cost LiDAR Technology for 3D Modeling and Assessment of Degradation of Heritage Structures and Buildings. Materials, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17225445"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, X., Zhu, F., Wang, X., and Zhang, B. (2024). Automatic Measurement of Seed Geometric Parameters Using a Handheld Scanner. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24186117"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"18","article-title":"Comparative Analysis Between the Main 3D Scanning Techniques: Photogrammetry, Terrestrial Laser Scanner, and Structured Light Scanner in Religious Imagery: The Case of The Holy Christ of the Blood","volume":"15","author":"Ruiz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Comput. Cult. Herit."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2025.116542","article-title":"Measurement of the three-dimensional shape and size distribution of 17 lunar regolith simulants: Simulant shape and size inter-comparison and simulant shape comparison with Apollo 11 and Apollo 14 lunar regolith","volume":"434","author":"Kafka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Icarus"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"(2016). Methods of Testing Cement\u2014Part 1: Determination of Strength (Standard No. PN-EN 196-1:2016-07)."}],"container-title":["Data"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5729\/11\/1\/10\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T09:19:53Z","timestamp":1767691193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5729\/11\/1\/10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["data11010010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/data11010010","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-5729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2306-5729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]}}}