{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T12:20:32Z","timestamp":1767874832790,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101070045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101070045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soil degradation is a pressing concern in the European Union, affecting all major land use types, including agriculture, forests, and urban areas. Existing studies often identify explanatory variables for soil degradation, but large-scale, comprehensive datasets are limited. This dataset, compiled at the NUTS2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, level 2\u2013a European regional classification system) level, integrates socio-demographic factors, land use changes, and soil health descriptors from 2005 to 2023. It includes variables such as population dynamics, material deprivation, land tenure, and soil health challenges (erosion, compaction, salinity, soil organic carbon levels, and industrial pollution). The soil descriptors used were derived from secondary geospatial datasets, including ESDAC, processed via GIS techniques. Designed for use in spatial planning, agriculture, and environmental research, this dataset facilitates multivariate and regression analyses to explore socio-economic impacts on soil health. By merging diverse descriptors from multiple sources, it provides a valuable resource for understanding soil degradation and supporting evidence-based policymaking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data11010011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:49:46Z","timestamp":1767707386000},"page":"11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Soil Health Descriptors and Socio-Demographic-Economic Context: A Dataset for the European Union"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8780-7277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Bayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 M\u00fcncheberg, Germany"},{"name":"System Dynamics Group, Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Fosswinckelsgate 6, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway"}]},{"given":"Keerthi","family":"Bandru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 M\u00fcncheberg, Germany"},{"name":"The Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6009-661X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Naumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 M\u00fcncheberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-3839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cenk","family":"D\u00f6nmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 M\u00fcncheberg, Germany"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2019.05.011","article-title":"Trends of soil degradation: Does the socio-economic status of land owners and land users matter?","volume":"95","author":"Sklenicka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1462-9011(02)00120-X","article-title":"Socio-economic factors in soil erosion and conservation","volume":"6","author":"Boardman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ. 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