{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T15:42:29Z","timestamp":1775835749880,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,16]],"date-time":"2020-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26245032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26245032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18KK0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18KK0042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vector based shortest path analysis in geographic information system (GIS) is well established for road networks. Even though these network algorithms can be applied to river layers, they do not generally consider the direction of flow. This paper presents a Python 3.7 program (upstream_downstream_shortests_path_dijkstra.py) that was specifically developed for river networks. It implements multiple single-source (one to one) weighted Dijkstra shortest path calculations, on a list of provided source and target nodes, and returns the route geometry, the total distance between each source and target node, and the total upstream and downstream distances for each shortest path. The end result is similar to what would be obtained by an \u201call-pairs\u201d weighted Dijkstra shortest path algorithm. Contrary to an \u201call-pairs\u201d Dijkstra, the algorithm only operates on the source and target nodes that were specified by the user and not on all of the nodes contained within the graph. For efficiency, only the upper distance matrix is returned (e.g., distance from node A to node B), while the lower distance matrix (e.g., distance from nodes B to A) is not. The program is intended to be used in a multiprocessor environment and relies on Python\u2019s multiprocessing package.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data5010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T07:39:02Z","timestamp":1579246742000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Python Algorithm for Shortest-Path River Network Distance Calculations Considering River Flow Direction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Cadieux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1676-481X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret","family":"Kalacska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver T.","family":"Coomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0B9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo 186-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshito","family":"Takasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Economics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Characterization of a delay and disruption tolerant network in the Amazon basin","volume":"5","author":"Costa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Veh. 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