{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:34:01Z","timestamp":1760236441520,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]],"date-time":"2021-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of state support for the creation and development of World-Class Research Centers \u201cDigital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare\u201d","award":["75-15-2020-913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75-15-2020-913"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nutrition is considered one of the foundations of athletic performance, and post-workout nutritional recommendations are fundamental to the effectiveness of the recovery and adaptive processes. Therefore, at present, new directions in dietetics are being formed, focused on the creation of personalized diets. To identify the probable risk of somatic and allergic reactions upon contact with food antigens, we used the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of IgG antibodies in the blood plasma of athletes against protein\u2013peptide antigens accommodated in food. The study enrolled 40 athletes of boating and fighting sport disciplines. We found that the majority of the studied participants were characterized by an elevated IgG level against one or two food allergens (barley, almond, strawberry, etc.). Comparative analysis of the semiquantitative levels of IgG antibodies in athletes engaged in boating and fighting did not reveal significant differences between these groups. As a result, foods that are likely to cause the most pronounced immune response amongst the studied participants can be identified, which may indicate the presence of food intolerances. An athlete\u2019s diet is influenced by both external and internal factors that can reduce or worsen the symptoms of a food intolerance\/allergy associated with exercise. The range of foods is wide, and the effectiveness of a diet depends on the time, the place, and environmental factors. Therefore, during the recovery period (the post-competition period), athletes are advised to follow the instructions of doctors and nutritionists. An effective, comprehensive recovery strategy during the recovery period may enhance the adaptive response to fatigue, improving muscle function and increasing exercise tolerance. The data obtained may be useful for guiding the development of a new personalized approach and dietary recommendations covering the composition of athletes\u2019 diet and the prevalence of food intolerance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data6110122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]],"date-time":"2021-11-21T20:58:21Z","timestamp":1637528301000},"page":"122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Determination of Specific IgG to Identify Possible Food Intolerance in Athletes Using ELISA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9404-1660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Malsagova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9113-9440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Stepanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8899-3566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra A.","family":"Sinitsyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Izotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"given":"Mikhail S.","family":"Klyuchnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center Burnasyan of the Federal Medical Biophysical Centre of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, 123098 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7199-372X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur T.","family":"Kopylov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4472-2016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna L.","family":"Kaysheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobanking Group, Branch of IBMC \u201cScientific and Education Center\u201d, 109028 Moscow, Russia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuck, C.J., Biesiekierski, J.R., Schmid-Grendelmeier, P., and Pohl, D. (2019). Food Intolerances. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071684"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13041","article-title":"Review Article: The Aetiology, Diagnosis, Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence for Food Intolerance","volume":"41","author":"Lomer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Athari, S.S. (2017). Allergen-based diagnostic: Novel and old methodologies with new approaches. Allergen, InTech.","DOI":"10.5772\/65229"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.20538\/1682-0363-2016-1-69-78","article-title":"Modern methods of food intolerance testing","volume":"15","author":"Rosensteyn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull. Sib. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196908000-00010","article-title":"Cytotoxic Reactions in the Diagnosis of Food Allergy","volume":"79","author":"Bryan","year":"1969","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Delves, P.J., Martin, S.J., Burton, D.R., and Roitt, I.M. (2017). Roitt\u2019s Essential Immunology, Wiley-Blackwell. [13th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"143","article-title":"Cellular Responses to Food in Irritable Bowel Syndrome\u2014An Investigation of the ALCAT Test","volume":"2","author":"Fell","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"2","article-title":"Test\u2014A guide and barometer in the therapy of environmental and food sensitivities","volume":"9","author":"Solomon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Inviromental Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2003.00253.x","article-title":"Allergen-Induced Mediator Release Tests","volume":"58","author":"Demoly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14325","article-title":"Highly Sensitive ELISA-based Assay for Quantification of Allergen-specific IgE Antibody Levels","volume":"75","author":"Karsonova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Food Hypersensitivity: Diagnosing and Managing Food Allergies and Intolerances","volume":"2012","author":"Venter","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.09.046","article-title":"Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins","volume":"125","author":"Schroeder","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Rosenstein, A.Z., Kondakov, S.E., Cherevko, N.A., and Rosenstein, M.Y. (2020). Fundamentals of Immunodietology, Technosphere."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6691.124388","article-title":"Food Allergy or Food Intolerance...?","volume":"27","author":"Gaur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/01.all.0000168792.27948.f9","article-title":"Food Allergy Diagnostics: Scientific and Unproven Procedures","volume":"5","author":"Beyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2010.01933.x","article-title":"Intolerance to Food Additives\u2014Does It Exist?","volume":"48","author":"Turner","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001204000121","article-title":"The Value of Eliminating Foods According to Food-Specific Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhoea","volume":"40","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2012.02296.x","article-title":"IgG-Based Elimination Diet in Migraine Plus Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"53","author":"Aydinlar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Headache J. Head Face Pain"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"bcr2013200254","article-title":"Friend or Foe? Figuring out the Difference between FPIES, IgE-Mediated Allergy and Food Intolerance","volume":"2014","author":"Halbrich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"13","article-title":"Immune status estimation algorithm in irritable bowel syndrome patients with food intolerance","volume":"7","author":"Sentsova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eksp. Klin. Gastroenterol. Exp. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00072","article-title":"A Common Origin for Immunity and Digestion","volume":"6","author":"Broderick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2018","article-title":"The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis","volume":"99","author":"Cryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6691.124394","article-title":"Prevalence of Food Intolerance in Bronchial Asthma in India","volume":"27","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/30.9.1523","article-title":"Specificity Considerations in Cooperative Immunoassays","volume":"30","author":"Ehrlich","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2150505","article-title":"A Monoclonal Antibody to Human Brain-Type Creatine Kinase. Increased Avidity with Mercaptans","volume":"215","author":"Jackson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14084","article-title":"Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Gastrointestinal Permeability","volume":"21","author":"Pigrau","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, C., Shen, J., Zhao, D., Qiao, Y., Xu, A., Jin, S., Ran, Z., and Zheng, Q. (2014). Serological Investigation of Food Specific Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112154"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"480","article-title":"Food Elimination Based on Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Improves Gastrointestinal Discomfort Symptoms and Sport Performance in Professional Athletes","volume":"70","author":"Michalickova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sport"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malsagova, K.A., Kopylov, A.T., Sinitsyna, A.A., Stepanov, A.A., Izotov, A.A., Butkova, T.V., Chingin, K., Klyuchnikov, M.S., and Kaysheva, A.L. (2021). Sports Nutrition: Diets, Selection Factors, Recommendations. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113771"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E40","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.109-5352","article-title":"The DNA-Based Diet","volume":"189","author":"Collier","year":"2017","journal-title":"CMAJ Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00053-18","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00053-18","article-title":"Balances: A New Perspective for Microbiome Analysis","volume":"3","author":"Egozcue","year":"2018","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0000000000000389","article-title":"Recent Surveys on Food Allergy Prevalence","volume":"55","author":"Messina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. Today"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2018-0309","article-title":"Dietary Practices Adopted by Track-and-Field Athletes: Gluten-Free, Low FODMAP, Vegetarian, and Fasting","volume":"29","author":"Lis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."}],"container-title":["Data"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5729\/6\/11\/122\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:33:43Z","timestamp":1760168023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5729\/6\/11\/122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["data6110122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/data6110122","relation":{},"ISSN":["2306-5729"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2306-5729"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,21]]}}}