{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:35:07Z","timestamp":1768278907563,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Data"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding radio propagation characteristics and developing channel models is fundamental to building and operating wireless communication systems. Among others uses, channel characterization and modeling can be used for coverage and performance analysis and prediction. Within this context, this paper describes a comprehensive dataset of channel measurements performed to analyze outdoor-to-indoor propagation characteristics in the mid-band spectrum identified for the operation of 5th Generation (5G) cellular systems. Previous efforts to analyze outdoor-to-indoor propagation characteristics in this band were made by using measurements collected on dedicated, mostly single-link setups. Hence, measurements performed on deployed and operational 5G networks still lack in the literature. To fill this gap, this paper presents a dataset of measurements performed over commercial 5G networks. In particular, the dataset includes measurements of channel power delay profiles from two 5G networks in Band n78, i.e., 3.3\u20133.8 GHz. Such measurements were collected at multiple locations in a large office building in the city of Rome, Italy by using the Rohde &amp; Schwarz (R&amp;S) TSMA6 network scanner during several weeks in 2020 and 2021. A primary goal of the dataset is to provide an opportunity for researchers to investigate a large set of 5G channel measurements, aiming at analyzing the corresponding propagation characteristics toward the definition and refinement of empirical channel propagation models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/data7030034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T03:06:10Z","timestamp":1647313570000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Large-Scale Dataset for the Analysis of Outdoor-to-Indoor Propagation for 5G Mid-Band Operational Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0239-802X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usman","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0611-5637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Caso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ericsson Research, Radio Systems and Standards, Ericsson AB, 164 40 Kista, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9286-8744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"De Nardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5058-4532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Kousias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Complex Software Systems, Simula Research Laboratory, 0164 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2765-7873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rajiullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5800-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fc","family":"Alay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0603-889X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rohde & Schwarz, 00156 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7311-9334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Brunstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1523-5083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Gabriella","family":"Di Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019). 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