{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:52:36Z","timestamp":1770749556970,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An original multivariate multi-scale methodology for assessing the complexity of physiological signals is proposed. The technique is able to incorporate the simultaneous analysis of multi-channel data as a unique block within a multi-scale framework. The basic complexity measure is done by using Permutation Entropy, a methodology for time series processing based on ordinal analysis. Permutation Entropy is conceptually simple, structurally robust to noise and artifacts, computationally very fast, which is relevant for designing portable diagnostics. Since time series derived from biological systems show structures on multiple spatial-temporal scales, the proposed technique can be useful for other types of biomedical signal analysis. In this work, the possibility of distinguish among the brain states related to Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients and Mild Cognitive Impaired subjects from normal healthy elderly is checked on a real, although quite limited, experimental database.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e14071186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T23:52:03Z","timestamp":1341445923000},"page":"1186-1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":226,"title":["Multivariate Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy for Complexity Analysis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease EEG"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Francesco Carlo","family":"Morabito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MecMat Department, University \u201cMediterranea\u201d of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89100, Italy"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Labate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MecMat Department, University \u201cMediterranea\u201d of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89100, Italy"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"La Foresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MecMat Department, University \u201cMediterranea\u201d of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89100, Italy"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Bramanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DFMTFA Department, University of Messina, Messina, 98166, Italy"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Morabito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Palamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MecMat Department, University \u201cMediterranea\u201d of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89100, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.88.174102","article-title":"Permutation entropy: A natural complexity measure for time series","volume":"88","author":"Bandt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. 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