{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T18:28:45Z","timestamp":1773772125682,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,19]],"date-time":"2012-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Handwriting is an important modality for Human-Computer Interaction. For medical professionals, handwriting is (still) the preferred natural method of documentation. Handwriting recognition has long been a primary research area in Computer Science. With the tremendous ubiquity of smartphones, along with the renaissance of the stylus, handwriting recognition has become a new impetus. However, recognition rates are still not 100% perfect, and researchers still are constantly improving handwriting algorithms. In this paper we evaluate the performance of entropy based slant- and skew-correction, and compare the results to other methods. We selected 3700 words of 23 writers out of the Unipen-ICROW-03 benchmark set, which we annotated with their associated error angles by hand. Our results show that the entropy-based slant correction method outperforms a window based approach with an average precision of \u00b16.02\u00b0 for the entropy-based method, compared with the \u00b17.85\u00b0 for the alternative. On the other hand, the entropy-based skew correction yields a lower average precision of \u00b12:86\u00b0, compared with the average precision of \u00b12.13\u00b0 for the alternative LSM based approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e14112324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,19]],"date-time":"2012-11-19T11:02:08Z","timestamp":1353322928000},"page":"2324-2350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["On Using Entropy for Enhancing Handwriting Preprocessing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Holzinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Human-Computer Interaction, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2\/V, A-8036 Graz, Austria"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Stocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Human-Computer Interaction, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2\/V, A-8036 Graz, Austria"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Peischl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Softnet Austria, Infeldgasse 16b, A-8010 Graz, Austria"}]},{"given":"Klaus-Martin","family":"Simonic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Human-Computer Interaction, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 2\/V, A-8036 Graz, Austria"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x","article-title":"A mathematical theory of communication","volume":"27","author":"Shannon","year":"1948","journal-title":"Bell Syst. 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