{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:51:08Z","timestamp":1778601068830,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We show that the thermodynamics of ideal gases may be derived solely from the Democritean concept of corpuscles moving in vacuum plus a principle of simplicity, namely that these laws are independent of the laws of motion, aside from the law of energy conservation. Only a single corpuscle in contact with a heat bath submitted to a z and t-invariant force is considered. Most of the end results are known but the method appears to be novel. The mathematics being elementary, the present paper should facilitate the understanding of the ideal gas law and of classical thermodynamics even though not-usually-taught concepts are being introduced.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e15030960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T11:43:57Z","timestamp":1361965437000},"page":"960-971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["On Classical Ideal Gases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jacques","family":"Arnaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mas Liron, F30440 Saint Martial, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Chusseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IES, UMR n\u00b05214 au CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier II, F34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Philippe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIRMM, UMR n\u00b05506 au CNRS, 161 rue Ada, F34392 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Callen, H.C. 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Phys."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035004","DOI":"10.1088\/0264-9381\/28\/3\/035004","article-title":"Classical relativistic ideal gas in thermodynamic equilibrium in a uniformly accelerated reference frame","volume":"28","year":"2011","journal-title":"Class. Quantum Gravity"},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Greiner, W., Neise, L., and St\u00f6cker, H. (1997). Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics, Springer-Verlag."}],"container-title":["Entropy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/15\/3\/960\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:45:10Z","timestamp":1760219110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/15\/3\/960"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["e15030960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/e15030960","relation":{},"ISSN":["1099-4300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1099-4300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]]}}}